WEBVTT

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Well , good morning everybody .

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Uh , thanks for being here . Um , we

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would like to add our thanks to NDIA ,

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the Tennessee Valley chapter , ASMDA ,

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and the Redstone Huntsville chapter of

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the Air Defense Association , who are

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our hosts for the symposium and the RTX

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titanium sponsor and all of the

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sponsors for the symposium . We also

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add our thanks to the many government

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and industry leaders and speakers who

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are contributing to this symposium and

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will bring richness to the professional

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discussion on space and integrated air

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and missile defense , defending America .

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Right This panel was added to

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the program this year , uh ,

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intentionally to follow the commander

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of US SpaceTime's keynote address and

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to offer additional insights into the

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command and the capabilities presented

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by its components . So to the person

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that asked the last question to General

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Whiting . And to General Whiting for

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that response . Thank you . What a

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great segue . That's why we have this

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panel . It's been purposefully built to

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hear from the command , its functional

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and service components . Now we were

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scheduled to hear introductory remarks

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from Lieutenant General Tom James , the

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deputy commander , but due to flight

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issues , he's not going to arrive at

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the symposium until this afternoon .

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You'll get a chance to hear from him on

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Thursday morning where he'll talk about

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space as a war fighting domain . So

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we're pleased to have on this panel

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Major General Brian Gibson , the US

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Space Co J5 , as our panel lead . The

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other panelists include Major General

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Rick Zeman , the Deputy commander of

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Combined Joint Force Space Component

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Command , Rear Admiral Dwayne Sanders ,

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the deputy commander of US Navy Space

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Command , Brigadier General Don Brooks ,

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DCG of Ops for US Army Space and

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Missile Defense Command . Colonel Rich

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Martin , the deputy commander , Marine

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Forces Space Command , and Colonel

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Jason Gingrich , the deputy commander ,

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US Air Forces Space . We have 60

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minutes . Each panelist will have 4

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minutes to give their opening remarks ,

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and that will leave about 35 minutes

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for your questions and answers , and

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then we'll leave a few minutes at the

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end so each panelist can provide a

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closing statement . I invite you to

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send your questions to the day chair

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using the text information that we now

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have squared away . Doctor Fitzgerald

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will direct them to a panelist

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specified in your question or throw

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them over to me to share with the

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broader panel . And in any case , I've

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invited the panelists if they have a

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response to a question , even if it was

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directed at somebody else after that

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person responds , then they have a

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chance to offer their perspective . So

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with that , let's get started , and I

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invite Major General Gibson to get us

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voted . Well thanks , sir , and uh for

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the good friends seeing you again . I

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don't know how many years this is , but

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it's a few and it's always a pleasure

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to be back here . It's always good

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being in front of your boss , so sir ,

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I guess we don't do well , we're not

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going home , um , or you'll let us know ,

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but , and also bosses before General

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Formica and our past life . Had myself

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and another army officers , lieutenant

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colonels , at attention in the Pentagon

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because we wanted to grow the Patriot

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Force about two decades ago . Huh ,

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some things don't change , um , as you

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heard from General Gainey earlier today .

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Um , also my whole career been

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privately and personally tried to get

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stationed here as an Army air defender .

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It started two decades ago when I

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applied to be an army astronaut , and

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the response was never apply again . Uh ,

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so my , my , my chance of being here

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always comes through this symposium ,

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so thanks for letting me be on the

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panel with the teammates here . It's ,

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uh , it's a great panel . You heard

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from General Whiting , um , from the

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command perspective , many of his

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priorities and and where we are . and

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the command as his chief planner , um ,

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we stay fairly busy on a day to day

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basis trying to get after creating

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advantages that matter for the domain

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and um currently in the midst of

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updating our operations plan , our war

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plan , and uh we'll have the

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opportunity to finish that out later

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this year . So a lot of focus on what

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does it mean to be prepared to war

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fight in space . And um that's job

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number one at the top of my brain

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housing group on a day to day basis .

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Quickly after that is Operation Olympic

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Defender , and it's about how we do it

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together with partners , with friends ,

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with allies , um , and backed by The

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commercial capabilities that are out

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there and what's that mean and how do

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we do it to have a cogent response

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should we have to . So those are two

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big responsibilities day to day and it

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impacts all the components and they may

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talk about that um with the two big

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things that take up a fair chunk of

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time for the department . The final

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thing I'll leave you with is that I've

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been doing this about 2 years now or so

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in this position . And I always took

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for granted , as General Whiting

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described earlier , what it meant to be

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shaped as a service for having access

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to space . I don't take it for granted

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anymore . I don't think any of us

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should . And as we approach our

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response to the domain , I can't think

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of another domain that is so quickly

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and rapidly changing . Around the

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military strategic enterprise , you

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pick whatever you want cyber , land ,

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and air , maritime . I would argue with

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anybody that the space domain is the

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most consequential and it's changing

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the most rapidly . So thanks for let me

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be on the panel , sir . I look forward

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to it . Thank you . Excellent start .

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Major General . Hey sir , thanks again

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for , uh , for chairing the panel .

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It's nice to see you every year we're

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coming down here for this . So I work

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for Lieutenant General Doug Schess .

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He's a Space Force officer and he's the

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space component commander , uh , under

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General Whiting , and then he also has

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the dual header responsibility to be

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the functional component , uh , and so

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I'm his joint deputy . And uh the

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preponderance of the forces are

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actually um from the space force , uh ,

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but all the services in their tackle

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formations are , are for the most part ,

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uh C2 by General chess . It's gonna be

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interesting to hear from the other

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other service components here today to

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talk about how that maybe changes in

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the future , some of the things that

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the services are bringing to bear so

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they can uh assist with the fight in

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the , in the space domain . I'm gonna

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add a little bit of depth to the

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discussion that General Whiting

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provided here recently on the the

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Israel , Iran , and some of the attacks

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on the , on the US installation or LED .

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We have a number of joint centers that

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supported that effect or or that impact ,

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and many of you probably don't track

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them every day . You're probably

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familiar with the missile warning

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center in Cheyenne Mountain . I mean ,

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that's a logical center that would

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would receive all the missile warning

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information and make sure that the

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right people are reporting the right

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information is getting out . But you

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probably don't know what a what a joy

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is joint OPIR planning center up in

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Buckley Space Force base . They were on

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speed dial with with General Carrillo's

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folks because that that missile warning

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display gets so cluttered when you have

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large ballistic missile balls like that

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that becomes like a spaghetti shark to

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look at , and they wanted to know how

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many missiles are in there , where

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they're going , and those guys are able

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to do that because they're directing

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those sensors real time and they can

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see all the data from a raw perspective .

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Uh , and then at the same time , you

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have other centers like the Joint

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Navigation Warfare Center that is

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looking at the the GPS jammer

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environment that's out there providing

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that information in advance so we know

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whether those weapons systems are gonna

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hit or not , that , that we're using

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that use precision for targeting . And

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then of course you also have the the

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center that's co-located where I work

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out at Vandenberg Space Horse Base ,

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the combined Space Soft Center ,

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they're doing deconfliction of fires .

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So when , when the folks in SEMO have

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assets that can fire into the space AOR ,

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they want to do that fires

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deconfliction just like you would do

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with any two AORs redoing a cross

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boundary fire . And so that that

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necessarily comes in through the CSO

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and they go through a process to make

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sure that we deconflicted those fires

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and we have clearance of fires . Look

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forward to your questions and I'll give

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the balance of the time back to the

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rest of the panel members . OK ,

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thank you . And Rear Admiral Sanders .

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Hey , good morning everyone . Uh ,

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Dwayne Sanders here . I'm the , uh ,

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deputy commander for Fleet Cyber

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Command slash Navy Space Command . Been

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in a job for a little bit over a month ,

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uh , time frame , um , and so I'll ,

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I'll talk a little bit about my , my

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experiences , uh , here in a couple of

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minutes of . Uh , what makes me , I

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think , a great addition to the panel

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and , and even though I've had a short

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amount of time in the job , I do have

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previous , uh , space experience as

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well as missile defense experience . So

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my boss , uh , Vice Chabo Clapperton ,

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uh , has 5 hats , 9 different bosses ,

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and we focus on , uh , his 3 priorities ,

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which include assured command and

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control . Battle space domain awareness

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and non-kinetic effects . Being at

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Navy Space Command is a fairly new

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command , been around for a little bit

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less than 2 years , as you can imagine ,

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uh , having Manning , a full manned up

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team ready to go when you , when you

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hit the start button and execution has

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been a bit of a challenge , but one of

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the things that under my boss's 5 hats

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were able to pull bodies from the

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various information warfare , uh ,

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communities inside the command to help

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out the newly .

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Commissioned maritime space officers in

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the command as well to make sure that

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we can uh meet our mission to provide

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uh space capability across the global

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forces . So a little bit about my

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experiences that you may not be able to

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read into the bio . Uh , I did do time

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at JFCCSpace joint functional component

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command for space out in Vandenberg Air

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Force Base when it was under uh

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Stratcom . I did worked there for about

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2 or 3 years . That was my first

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opportunity to work with space , but

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I've always been a , uh , a user

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consumer war fighter of space . Uh ,

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through my 39 years of uh of uh active

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duty of service there and so I had the

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opportunity to be on a an Aegis warship

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where we did , uh , ballistic missile

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defense . And right after 9/11 , 1 of

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the ships that I was on , we uh did

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Operation Noble Eagle where we're

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actually defending critical

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infrastructure off the west coast of

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California to include some nuclear

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facilities . And then also had the

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opportunity to command a warship that

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had a 150 kilowatt laser attached to

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the front of it . So I know you guys

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saw the hopefully you got a chance to

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see the video earlier of that . I think

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it was a 50 kilowatt laser burning

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through some metal . Just imagine

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bringing a 150 kilowatt laser to the

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fight and how that . Impacts the

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adversary's calculus . Uh , so that's ,

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that's kind of my space , missile

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defense . Happy to be here , happy to

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be a part of the panel , and uh I look

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forward to your questions and comments ,

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but I'm also glad , uh , as I , as I

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look around and I walked around

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yesterday and today of how we're

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integrating the war fighter with

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industry to integrate to make sure that

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we have the most lethal credible , uh ,

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force , uh , going forward . So thank

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you very much . OK , thank you , sir .

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And uh Brier to General Don Brooks .

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Good morning , sir . Uh , most

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definitely , I , I appreciate the

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opportunity as I'm truly honored to

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represent the men and women of SMDC to

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highlight our role as the Army Service

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Component Command to US Space Command .

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It's always difficult following your

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boss as Lieutenant General Key

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highlighted many things that I was

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gonna really jump in and discuss . I

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won't say he stole my material , but

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pretty close , but I , I really do want

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to highlight some key things that uh

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that he hit on this morning and I'm

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gonna reiterate as I go forward just

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over the next , uh , just a couple of

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minutes . So as the Army Service

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Component Command , we are the primary

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Army organization to US Space Co ,

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providing vital terrestrial

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interdiction and integration space

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capabilities , personnel and expertise ,

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which are essential to war fighting and

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US Space Com's mission of ensuring the

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US's freedom of action and movement

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maneuver within the space domain . And

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also delivering space combat power to

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the joint force . So it is space

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integration and interdiction . So space

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capability integration creates those

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significant advantages for ground

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forces . Think of things such as ISR ,

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precision targeting , long haul

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communications , while interdiction

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capabilities , they degrade an

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adversary's ability to . Use the space

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domain at the time and place that

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they're choosing , and then it allows

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us to deny , degrade , disrupt their

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ability to communicate , to shape , to

13:37.049 --> 13:39.659
influence , conduct surveillance , and

13:39.659 --> 13:41.770
then use their own precision guided

13:41.770 --> 13:44.440
munitions within the war fight as well .

13:45.210 --> 13:46.988
So to drive action in the space

13:46.988 --> 13:48.821
interdiction and the integration

13:48.821 --> 13:50.488
capabilities , as General Day

13:50.488 --> 13:52.654
highlighted earlier , we do have a lot

13:52.654 --> 13:52.049
going on at Space and Missile Defense

13:52.049 --> 13:53.929
Command . We've made incredible

13:53.929 --> 13:56.559
adaptations to optimize space control

13:56.559 --> 13:58.170
planning . That's the target

13:58.170 --> 14:00.281
development , the targeting , and the

14:00.281 --> 14:02.503
weaponeering of systems delivering over

14:02.503 --> 14:05.400
the horizon planning and execution

14:05.400 --> 14:07.456
capabilities to geographic combatant

14:07.456 --> 14:09.400
commands and other special mission

14:09.400 --> 14:11.178
units within UOSOC . We took an

14:11.178 --> 14:12.789
evolutionary step with space

14:12.789 --> 14:14.844
interdiction , introducing smaller ,

14:14.844 --> 14:17.099
lighter mobile capability or form

14:17.099 --> 14:19.539
factor capabilities , and then we also

14:19.539 --> 14:21.595
updated and published the Army space

14:21.595 --> 14:23.650
training strategy to further ingrain

14:24.380 --> 14:27.219
space inside of multi-domain operations

14:27.219 --> 14:29.140
across the operational and

14:29.140 --> 14:31.140
institutional aspects of the United

14:31.140 --> 14:33.307
States Army . We also demonstrated the

14:33.307 --> 14:35.084
need for Army terrestrial space

14:35.084 --> 14:37.669
capabilities in the cores close , deep ,

14:37.880 --> 14:40.159
and rear areas to include also the

14:40.159 --> 14:42.270
extended deep areas , think the close

14:42.270 --> 14:44.381
tactical edge , using soft access and

14:44.381 --> 14:46.603
placement , bringing space and bringing

14:46.603 --> 14:48.715
the concept of close space support to

14:48.715 --> 14:50.900
reality at the timing , tempo , and

14:50.900 --> 14:53.380
pace that maneuver requires to close

14:53.380 --> 14:55.324
with and destroy our adversaries ,

14:55.359 --> 14:57.820
truly delivering relevant effects at

14:57.820 --> 14:59.931
the relevant the speed of relevancy .

15:00.469 --> 15:02.750
Altogether SMDC with our institutional

15:02.750 --> 15:04.917
and operational components , we enable

15:04.917 --> 15:06.917
all domain operations for joint war

15:06.917 --> 15:09.789
fighting . SMDC is the Army's Space and

15:09.789 --> 15:11.900
Missile Defense Warfighting command ,

15:11.900 --> 15:13.900
creating asymmetric advantages that

15:13.900 --> 15:16.469
have outsized effects for our joint

15:16.469 --> 15:18.358
intergovernmental , interagency ,

15:18.358 --> 15:20.770
multinational , and commercial partners .

15:20.909 --> 15:23.150
I look forward to your questions and

15:23.150 --> 15:24.817
really do look forward to our

15:24.817 --> 15:27.210
conversation . OK , excellent , thank

15:27.210 --> 15:28.669
you , and Colonel Mark .

15:31.390 --> 15:33.668
All right , good morning everybody . I ,

15:33.668 --> 15:35.779
uh , I too am pleased to be here this

15:35.779 --> 15:37.890
morning to represent the Marine Corps

15:37.890 --> 15:40.057
and Mar Force Base and my boss , Major

15:40.057 --> 15:42.223
General Matos , uh , on the panel this

15:42.223 --> 15:44.446
morning , and again , thank you , sir ,

15:44.446 --> 15:46.390
for , uh , for your invitation and

15:46.390 --> 15:48.612
putting this together . Uh , Marf Force

15:48.612 --> 15:50.612
Space will be 5 years old , uh , in

15:50.612 --> 15:52.834
October . A couple months away . And uh

15:52.834 --> 15:56.250
I think since its creation in 2020 , uh ,

15:56.260 --> 15:58.482
and represented by the investments that

15:58.482 --> 16:00.704
service has made in more For space over

16:00.704 --> 16:02.927
the past several years , I think that's

16:02.927 --> 16:04.982
a representative of the Marine Corps

16:04.982 --> 16:06.927
commitment to making a a series of

16:06.927 --> 16:09.038
significant contribution to the space

16:09.038 --> 16:11.038
domain . For decades , I think it's

16:11.038 --> 16:13.149
safe to characterize the Marine Corps

16:13.149 --> 16:15.371
as a consumer largely of of space-based

16:15.371 --> 16:17.260
capabilities , right ? So PNT and

16:17.260 --> 16:20.929
SATCOM . ISR Uh , and so forth we've

16:20.929 --> 16:22.985
done a pretty good job of harnessing

16:22.985 --> 16:24.985
all those capabilities and bringing

16:24.985 --> 16:27.207
them to bear on on every battlefield on

16:27.207 --> 16:29.096
which we've stepped a pretty good

16:29.096 --> 16:31.318
effect . But what we've realized in the

16:31.318 --> 16:33.540
face of 21st century warfare , uh , and

16:33.540 --> 16:35.540
as part of our force design process

16:35.540 --> 16:37.707
over the past several years is that we

16:37.707 --> 16:40.040
must , uh , do a little bit differently .

16:40.040 --> 16:41.929
We need to make a significant and

16:41.929 --> 16:43.929
identify a significant contribution

16:43.929 --> 16:45.596
that we can make to the space

16:45.596 --> 16:47.818
superiority mission , which is a change

16:47.818 --> 16:50.040
in order for us to some extent . And in

16:50.040 --> 16:52.096
fact I would say that that's part of

16:52.096 --> 16:54.207
the central aspect of what the Marine

16:54.207 --> 16:56.262
Corps value proposition of the joint

16:56.262 --> 16:58.373
force is today , which is to say that

16:58.373 --> 17:00.262
we are considering ourselves as a

17:00.262 --> 17:03.700
service as all domain effects enablers

17:03.700 --> 17:05.811
to make the joint force as capable as

17:05.811 --> 17:07.700
it can be and the space domain is

17:07.700 --> 17:09.867
definitely no exception to that . So I

17:09.867 --> 17:12.089
would , I would say and go so far as to

17:12.089 --> 17:14.311
say that the metric for success for our

17:14.311 --> 17:16.769
Force space . It's certainly to find

17:16.769 --> 17:18.991
innovative ways and new capabilities to

17:18.991 --> 17:21.529
make space competition more capable and

17:21.529 --> 17:23.751
more effective , but also to be able to

17:23.751 --> 17:25.918
identify some of those pathfinding and

17:25.918 --> 17:27.751
groundbreaking opportunities and

17:27.751 --> 17:29.862
emerging innovative capabilities that

17:29.862 --> 17:31.918
we can share back to our service and

17:31.918 --> 17:34.140
make them a more capable contributor to

17:34.140 --> 17:36.369
the joint force in the space domain in

17:36.369 --> 17:39.069
the coming years . So our operational

17:39.069 --> 17:41.949
contribution to SpaceCon is manifested

17:41.949 --> 17:44.116
in our marine space detachment . We're

17:44.116 --> 17:46.005
going to present that formally to

17:46.005 --> 17:48.116
General Whiting in a couple of months

17:48.116 --> 17:50.060
later this year . That's a team or

17:50.060 --> 17:52.290
teams of space planners and space

17:52.290 --> 17:54.949
effectors that essentially bring the

17:54.949 --> 17:57.869
unique expeditionary character of the

17:57.869 --> 18:00.160
Marine Corps of Space . General Whiting

18:00.160 --> 18:02.880
and the whole Space Enterprise here is

18:02.880 --> 18:04.880
able to have a terrestrial maneuver

18:04.880 --> 18:07.102
element at their disposal to run across

18:07.102 --> 18:09.324
a number of the space mission areas and

18:09.324 --> 18:12.079
bring those capabilities to bear in

18:12.079 --> 18:14.119
some unique ways that are that are

18:14.119 --> 18:16.230
pretty special for the Marine Corps .

18:16.230 --> 18:18.341
We're on the kind of bleeding edge of

18:18.341 --> 18:20.508
developing those new approaches to how

18:20.508 --> 18:20.329
the Marine Corps contributes to the

18:20.329 --> 18:22.107
domain . So it's going to be an

18:22.107 --> 18:24.329
exciting couple of years for us ahead .

18:24.329 --> 18:26.385
I'm excited to be a part of the team

18:26.385 --> 18:28.162
here and looking forward to the

18:28.162 --> 18:31.650
conversation . OK , thank you . If you

18:31.650 --> 18:33.706
haven't started to get the flavor of

18:33.706 --> 18:35.609
the capabilities and components

18:35.609 --> 18:38.250
bringing , uh , I appreciate that . And

18:38.250 --> 18:40.472
if you haven't sent in your questions ,

18:40.472 --> 18:42.639
please do send them to the text number

18:42.639 --> 18:45.140
that we've got posted . Um , we'll be

18:45.140 --> 18:47.060
looking forward to answering your

18:47.060 --> 18:49.116
questions , and we'll have plenty of

18:49.116 --> 18:51.116
time for it , and we'll wrap up the

18:51.116 --> 18:54.060
panel's comments with Colonel King . As

18:54.060 --> 18:55.893
the rest , everyone said , I , I

18:55.893 --> 18:58.140
appreciate being here . Um , I'm here

18:58.140 --> 19:00.307
on behalf of Lieutenant General Aman ,

19:00.307 --> 19:02.859
our commander , who is also the air

19:02.859 --> 19:05.380
component commander to NORAD and NATO ,

19:05.500 --> 19:07.556
so you can imagine our staff is very

19:07.556 --> 19:09.869
busy , but we're . Gain by working for

19:09.869 --> 19:12.036
multiple combatant commands by getting

19:12.036 --> 19:14.202
that synergy across our entire staff .

19:14.390 --> 19:16.612
The one thing I always like to clear up

19:16.612 --> 19:18.668
when I'm talking about that space is

19:18.668 --> 19:20.910
that we are not the space force , that

19:20.910 --> 19:23.132
the space force is a separate service ,

19:23.132 --> 19:24.910
and we are the air component to

19:24.910 --> 19:26.966
SpaceCom , and our job is to provide

19:27.270 --> 19:29.829
terrestrial air power expertise to

19:29.829 --> 19:31.996
General Whiting and his team out there

19:31.996 --> 19:34.107
at SpaceCom . One of the first things

19:34.107 --> 19:36.500
we do is we ensure that SpaceCom is

19:36.500 --> 19:39.339
aware of what Air Force capabilities

19:39.339 --> 19:41.117
are out there , whether they're

19:41.117 --> 19:43.420
existing or in development . Um , the

19:43.420 --> 19:45.309
one thing I always use is a water

19:45.309 --> 19:47.364
bottle analogy to put it in people's

19:47.364 --> 19:49.364
brains is if I could put this water

19:49.364 --> 19:51.420
bottle on a wing and it's kinetic or

19:51.420 --> 19:54.010
non-kinetic and it can deny , degrade ,

19:54.020 --> 19:57.329
or destroy an adversaries . Space

19:57.329 --> 19:59.162
enabling infrastructure , that's

19:59.162 --> 20:01.218
something Generals team want to know

20:01.218 --> 20:03.420
about . So that's where we come in is

20:03.420 --> 20:05.642
educating them on what is out there and

20:05.642 --> 20:08.050
available to use in this for the space

20:08.050 --> 20:09.969
domain because most of those

20:09.969 --> 20:12.191
capabilities are not dedicated just for

20:12.191 --> 20:14.191
space warfare . They just happen to

20:14.191 --> 20:16.510
help with space warfare . Additionally ,

20:16.589 --> 20:18.829
we helped develop the co ops and we

20:18.829 --> 20:21.051
send our planning teams out there , and

20:21.051 --> 20:22.885
during that , from the airmi and

20:22.885 --> 20:24.829
terrestrial perspective , I put my

20:24.829 --> 20:26.940
planners out there to see where those

20:26.940 --> 20:29.430
gaps and seams that Space Co has that

20:29.430 --> 20:31.541
the other services may not be able to

20:31.541 --> 20:34.550
fill and help develop requirements for

20:34.550 --> 20:36.772
future war fighting of something that a

20:36.772 --> 20:38.883
future water bottle that we could put

20:38.883 --> 20:40.661
on a wing to help out with that

20:40.661 --> 20:43.729
fighting space . And then finally , as

20:43.729 --> 20:45.951
an air component , we can work with the

20:45.951 --> 20:48.007
other combat commands where they are

20:48.007 --> 20:50.229
employing air power in support of space

20:50.229 --> 20:52.250
and be that liaison to whether it's

20:52.250 --> 20:54.959
Paycom or UCO to bring that

20:55.689 --> 20:57.890
space-minded airpower there . Our

20:57.890 --> 21:01.060
second mission is to support NASA . US

21:01.060 --> 21:03.569
SpaceCom has been designated the DUD

21:03.569 --> 21:05.458
Human Space Flight Manager and an

21:05.458 --> 21:08.479
ASpace , we're the deputy . The goal

21:08.479 --> 21:10.770
there for DUD is to support the rescue ,

21:10.780 --> 21:13.609
recovery and retrieval of NASA'soser

21:13.609 --> 21:15.553
astronauts . There's a contingency

21:15.553 --> 21:18.810
rescue or an event in that case . Under

21:18.810 --> 21:20.921
our command , we have a detachment at

21:20.921 --> 21:23.020
Patrick Space Force Base that trains

21:23.020 --> 21:25.300
DOD forces on that , whether it's space

21:25.300 --> 21:27.356
medicine , working in and around the

21:27.356 --> 21:29.900
capsule , and special techniques for

21:29.900 --> 21:32.569
getting astronauts out and onto a ship

21:32.569 --> 21:35.500
or back into a helicopter . There are 3

21:35.500 --> 21:37.444
main programs that we support . We

21:37.444 --> 21:39.667
still support the Soyuz program , which

21:39.667 --> 21:41.722
is the Russian , uh , basically taxi

21:41.722 --> 21:45.030
ride to the ISS , and in that case we

21:45.520 --> 21:48.439
man a C-17 with a critical casualty

21:48.439 --> 21:50.959
team on board in Ramstein in case NASA

21:50.959 --> 21:53.015
needs a medevac . We've never had to

21:53.015 --> 21:55.040
execute it thankfully , but we're

21:55.040 --> 21:57.151
prepared and ready . The other is the

21:57.151 --> 21:59.318
commercial crew program , which is the

21:59.318 --> 22:01.373
US-based NASA-based trip to and from

22:01.373 --> 22:04.199
the ISS . Just last week we had a task

22:04.199 --> 22:06.829
force on alert supporting Crew 11 going

22:06.829 --> 22:09.051
back up to the space station , and that

22:09.051 --> 22:11.273
consisted of helicopters , and C-130s ,

22:11.273 --> 22:13.385
and PJs in and around the launch site

22:13.385 --> 22:15.607
for regional rescue . And we also had a

22:15.607 --> 22:17.949
C-17 stage of Charleston with PJs ,

22:17.979 --> 22:20.239
boats , jet skis that can provide

22:20.239 --> 22:23.040
global rescue . I don't take that

22:23.040 --> 22:25.096
lightly because when you think about

22:25.096 --> 22:27.318
that , essentially they can go anywhere

22:27.318 --> 22:29.429
in the Pacific or Atlantic , refuel ,

22:29.429 --> 22:31.318
throw 10 PJs out into the ocean .

22:31.479 --> 22:33.479
Recover those astronauts and then a

22:33.479 --> 22:35.590
ship will come along and pick them up

22:35.590 --> 22:37.535
as we keep them stable . So it's a

22:37.535 --> 22:39.201
pretty monumentous job and we

22:39.201 --> 22:41.312
appreciate doing that . The last step

22:41.312 --> 22:43.479
is supporting Artemis as we get ready

22:43.479 --> 22:45.479
to go back to the moon . Artemis is

22:45.479 --> 22:47.646
scheduled for next year with the first

22:47.646 --> 22:49.646
manned flight , and we work closely

22:49.646 --> 22:51.646
with Indo Paycom and help train and

22:51.646 --> 22:53.859
liaise with them , bringing the Air

22:53.859 --> 22:56.560
Force in between the NASA and the Navy

22:56.560 --> 22:58.393
members on the ship to make sure

22:58.393 --> 23:00.227
there's good integration for the

23:00.227 --> 23:03.880
recovery of that capsule . By working

23:03.880 --> 23:05.991
around all the global combat commands

23:05.991 --> 23:09.170
that gives us . Basically an end to

23:09.170 --> 23:11.392
every combatant command which will help

23:11.392 --> 23:13.559
not just with the human spaceflight as

23:13.559 --> 23:15.670
well but when we go into warfare with

23:15.670 --> 23:17.503
them , we've already built those

23:17.503 --> 23:19.726
relationships . Looking forward to your

23:19.726 --> 23:21.837
questions OK , thanks , and uh thanks

23:21.837 --> 23:24.059
to the panelists . Uh , we are right on

23:24.059 --> 23:26.392
time and we're eager for your questions .

23:26.392 --> 23:27.948
Doctor Fitzgerald , Lenny .

23:31.810 --> 23:34.819
Yes , we have , as you might imagine ,

23:35.339 --> 23:37.339
quite a number of questions for the

23:37.339 --> 23:39.228
panel . I'm going to combine this

23:39.228 --> 23:41.283
question . It may take me a moment ,

23:41.300 --> 23:43.500
but in order to stay ahead of our

23:43.500 --> 23:45.699
adversaries , and this is for everyone

23:45.699 --> 23:47.699
on the panel , by the way , General

23:47.699 --> 23:49.921
Formana , in order to stay ahead of our

23:49.921 --> 23:52.255
adversaries , we need to iterate faster .

23:53.520 --> 23:55.742
Than the other side . What are we doing

23:55.742 --> 23:57.964
to shape the requirements , contracting

23:57.964 --> 24:00.020
requirements at all , and developing

24:00.020 --> 24:02.131
processes to feel capability faster ,

24:02.131 --> 24:04.242
and I'm gonna amplify that question .

24:04.242 --> 24:05.242
You get my

24:12.619 --> 24:14.619
How are you evolving the culture of

24:14.619 --> 24:16.675
your organizations to increase speed

24:16.675 --> 24:18.897
and innovation ? How are you developing

24:18.897 --> 24:21.569
disruptive solutions ? So those tend to

24:21.569 --> 24:23.291
go together if you'd comment .

24:28.430 --> 24:30.319
That's quite a set of questions .

24:30.319 --> 24:34.229
Anyone you want to go first ? OK , go

24:34.229 --> 24:36.396
ahead , and then we'd like to hear the

24:36.396 --> 24:39.660
service component as well . Yeah , it's

24:39.660 --> 24:41.604
a really good set of questions and

24:41.760 --> 24:43.760
innovation is one of those things I

24:43.760 --> 24:45.816
think many times that we like to say

24:45.816 --> 24:47.816
and it's hard to visualize and it's

24:47.816 --> 24:49.927
harder at times to execute . Uh , and

24:49.927 --> 24:51.982
put into practice , and it's wrapped

24:51.982 --> 24:53.982
around culture many times inside of

24:53.982 --> 24:56.038
organization . So I think as a Space

24:56.038 --> 24:58.038
command , no doubt the headquarters

24:58.038 --> 25:00.093
level , but the components and their

25:00.093 --> 25:02.780
various . Um , ages , very young ages

25:02.780 --> 25:05.939
of being birthed , um , that is clearly

25:05.939 --> 25:07.772
a very important thing . Journal

25:07.772 --> 25:09.883
lighting for the for the headquarters

25:09.883 --> 25:11.995
has , has put a premium as one of his

25:11.995 --> 25:15.130
priority tasks is to innovate , embrace

25:15.130 --> 25:16.979
technology , and to have the

25:16.979 --> 25:19.201
capabilities and the resources in order

25:19.201 --> 25:22.459
to um in-house if we can , um , inside

25:22.459 --> 25:24.170
of our headquarters to better

25:24.170 --> 25:26.800
understand and to outcompete . Um ,

25:27.380 --> 25:29.213
whether that's advanced modeling

25:29.213 --> 25:31.213
simulation or other activities , so

25:31.213 --> 25:33.269
it's , it's a range of things at the

25:33.269 --> 25:35.380
headquarters level , uh , making it a

25:35.380 --> 25:37.713
priority , putting resources against it ,

25:37.713 --> 25:40.650
embracing new things , and then , um ,

25:40.979 --> 25:43.035
also bringing to bear the aspects of

25:43.035 --> 25:45.849
what commercial can offer for us , um ,

25:45.859 --> 25:48.219
in terms of what innovations they can

25:48.219 --> 25:50.569
bring to bear quickly . I know this ,

25:51.180 --> 25:54.310
uh , from a plan's perspective . We

25:54.310 --> 25:56.477
can't do it alone and we can't plan to

25:56.477 --> 25:59.479
do it alone , and that's not just from

25:59.479 --> 26:03.160
a military only perspective . We are ,

26:03.290 --> 26:05.849
we are dependent on what commercial

26:05.849 --> 26:08.150
offers , how they provide us

26:08.150 --> 26:10.770
capabilities today , and that's not

26:10.770 --> 26:12.930
slowing down . So I think in our

26:12.930 --> 26:15.569
futures , innovation is a key to do it

26:15.569 --> 26:19.130
better . Thanks . Excellent . Anybody

26:19.130 --> 26:21.020
else wanna go ? OK , we're .

26:23.680 --> 26:25.791
Hey , thanks for that question . Uh ,

26:25.791 --> 26:28.124
so it's interesting if you look at , uh ,

26:28.124 --> 26:30.124
how you hit a rate faster . I think

26:30.124 --> 26:32.124
we'd all agree that AIML is all the

26:32.124 --> 26:34.347
rage , so I'll give you a little bit of

26:34.347 --> 26:36.569
a vignette , right ? So today if uh you

26:36.569 --> 26:38.513
have an RPA operator that's flying

26:38.513 --> 26:40.680
somewhere in you come and , and they .

26:40.680 --> 26:42.819
receive jamming as an example . We

26:42.819 --> 26:44.597
expect them to fill out a joint

26:44.597 --> 26:46.652
spectrum interference report . So if

26:46.652 --> 26:48.819
you can imagine there's , you know , a

26:48.819 --> 26:50.708
pilot flying with one hand on the

26:50.708 --> 26:52.763
joystick and filling out a report on

26:52.763 --> 26:54.875
the other . I often wonder if they're

26:54.875 --> 26:54.699
using , if they're going to fill that

26:54.699 --> 26:56.921
report out in triplicate and use carbon

26:56.921 --> 27:00.839
paper . And it turns out that we

27:00.839 --> 27:02.839
have systems on the commercial side

27:02.839 --> 27:04.728
that are already monitoring those

27:04.728 --> 27:06.283
satellites to see that that

27:06.283 --> 27:08.561
interference is happening in real time .

27:08.561 --> 27:10.672
And I asked them once all , how , how

27:10.672 --> 27:12.506
far or how fast once you see the

27:12.506 --> 27:12.189
interference , can you report it out

27:12.189 --> 27:14.430
like that's like , can you fill out the

27:14.430 --> 27:16.597
report for the guys so they don't have

27:16.597 --> 27:18.486
to do it . And yeah , if you do a

27:18.486 --> 27:20.708
machine to machine , sure . Uh , and so

27:20.708 --> 27:22.597
we're working with them through a

27:22.597 --> 27:22.270
project called Wild Hunt where they ,

27:22.349 --> 27:24.516
you can take all that information that

27:24.516 --> 27:26.516
they have available to them in real

27:26.516 --> 27:28.682
time . And get it through uh through a

27:28.682 --> 27:30.905
MAVEN system and the idea there is once

27:30.905 --> 27:33.182
you get all the information into MAVEN ,

27:33.182 --> 27:35.016
the back half of that is already

27:35.016 --> 27:37.238
enabled by the war fighters . Once they

27:37.238 --> 27:39.460
have an idea of where a target is , the

27:39.460 --> 27:41.627
killing part becomes natural , right ?

27:41.627 --> 27:43.682
And so now you can go from sensor to

27:43.682 --> 27:43.640
shoot a lot faster by taking advantage

27:43.640 --> 27:46.729
of that . Uh , excellent , uh ,

27:46.770 --> 27:48.048
anecdote . Thank you .

27:51.859 --> 27:53.915
I would say , you know , with within

27:53.915 --> 27:55.915
Space and Missile Defense Command ,

27:55.915 --> 27:55.849
some of those things that we've

27:55.849 --> 27:58.199
identified where there are gaps for us ,

27:58.569 --> 28:00.513
uh , to , to get after , how do we

28:00.513 --> 28:02.625
iterate faster , how do we evolve our

28:02.625 --> 28:04.847
culture to shape that innovation really

28:04.847 --> 28:07.439
comes from . Overarching strategy , so

28:07.439 --> 28:10.079
what's driving . You know what's what's

28:10.079 --> 28:12.190
driving Army policy and Army strategy

28:12.190 --> 28:14.246
from the national defense strategy ,

28:14.246 --> 28:16.301
how we look at the threat , not just

28:16.301 --> 28:18.246
the on orbit threat , but also the

28:18.246 --> 28:20.301
terrestrial threat . We're currently

28:20.301 --> 28:23.920
rewriting our AR 9001 , the Army space

28:23.920 --> 28:26.390
policy that's going to drive . Army

28:26.390 --> 28:28.689
space strategy that then will drive a

28:28.689 --> 28:31.869
further drive our roadmap that is not

28:31.869 --> 28:34.270
just an equipping roadmap or a fielding

28:34.270 --> 28:36.103
roadmap , but it's also people ,

28:36.103 --> 28:37.992
training , education . All of the

28:37.992 --> 28:40.790
components and aspects of EFP have to

28:40.790 --> 28:42.957
be accounted for in that roadmap . And

28:42.957 --> 28:44.512
then those routine and then

28:44.512 --> 28:46.734
establishing routine touch points so we

28:46.734 --> 28:48.568
get feedback from war fighters ,

28:48.568 --> 28:50.679
feedback from the operational force ,

28:50.679 --> 28:52.901
feedback from the experimentation , the

28:52.901 --> 28:55.068
exercise elements , and the forces out

28:55.068 --> 28:57.290
there . And then also feedback from our

28:57.290 --> 28:57.250
institution , our schoolhouses to make

28:57.250 --> 28:59.361
sure that we're staying on top of our

28:59.361 --> 29:01.583
training and our education components ,

29:01.583 --> 29:03.417
but establishing , I think those

29:03.417 --> 29:05.250
routine touch points to get that

29:05.250 --> 29:07.609
feedback as quickly as possible is one

29:07.609 --> 29:10.609
of those things that we're now bringing

29:10.609 --> 29:12.720
to the fight into our systems and our

29:12.720 --> 29:15.050
processes to help us iterate faster ,

29:15.130 --> 29:18.410
to understand , to see , sense , and

29:18.410 --> 29:20.979
then shape faster . Uh , I think on the

29:20.979 --> 29:23.201
evolving culture and and how do we feel

29:23.201 --> 29:25.146
faster it's , it's once again it's

29:25.146 --> 29:27.312
those touch points , it's those , it's

29:27.312 --> 29:29.146
the collective learning from the

29:29.146 --> 29:31.146
services talking to my brothers and

29:31.146 --> 29:33.146
sisters across the other services ,

29:33.146 --> 29:35.368
seeing what their lessons learned are ,

29:35.368 --> 29:37.479
their observations and applying those

29:37.479 --> 29:37.459
same lessons learned and observations

29:37.459 --> 29:39.660
to our processes so we're not

29:39.660 --> 29:41.660
relearning lessons learned over and

29:41.660 --> 29:44.020
over again , but then also how do we

29:44.020 --> 29:45.853
tie that back into our center of

29:45.853 --> 29:47.909
excellence . Within the army , every

29:47.909 --> 29:49.798
branch has a center of excellence

29:49.798 --> 29:51.930
within , you know , the CD or the

29:51.930 --> 29:54.010
schoolhouse , and then , you know ,

29:54.089 --> 29:56.033
with all that aspect , I know Mr .

29:56.033 --> 29:58.089
Bishop's going to speak later on the

29:58.089 --> 30:00.200
week , and I know he can really focus

30:00.200 --> 30:02.256
on the fielding faster , but it's we

30:02.256 --> 30:04.422
have to communicate and it's that that

30:04.422 --> 30:06.089
connective tissue between the

30:06.089 --> 30:08.311
operational and the institutional sides

30:08.311 --> 30:10.478
that's that's really helping us within

30:10.478 --> 30:12.478
the army's basically in the Defense

30:12.478 --> 30:14.533
Command to iterate faster and evolve

30:14.533 --> 30:17.310
our culture . Excellent , thanks ,

30:17.430 --> 30:20.209
Admiral Sanders . So one of the things ,

30:20.229 --> 30:23.250
uh , in my last job I was at the OPA ,

30:23.829 --> 30:25.940
uh , we stood up what's called the uh

30:25.940 --> 30:28.780
disruptive capabilities office and at

30:28.780 --> 30:31.099
the S1 command and and what that

30:31.099 --> 30:34.579
allowed to do was to try to understand

30:34.579 --> 30:36.635
first you got to understand what the

30:36.635 --> 30:38.746
problems are of of the the process of

30:38.746 --> 30:41.380
how we get new technology from uh you

30:41.380 --> 30:43.339
know , up and coming company or

30:43.339 --> 30:45.579
somebody who's already established into

30:45.579 --> 30:47.859
the war fighter . That and

30:47.859 --> 30:49.859
understanding that process and then

30:49.859 --> 30:52.081
breaking down some of those barriers or

30:52.081 --> 30:54.969
speeding those processes up uh in those

30:54.969 --> 30:57.191
uh getting a new technology through the

30:57.191 --> 30:59.080
acquisition process , making it a

30:59.080 --> 31:01.339
requirement , big requirement for the

31:01.339 --> 31:03.579
for the war fighter and getting it out

31:03.579 --> 31:06.430
there so . Um , so again , that's one

31:06.430 --> 31:08.410
of the things that we've done as a

31:08.410 --> 31:11.959
service is to establish the , uh , uh ,

31:12.030 --> 31:14.589
an organization that it , it looks at

31:14.589 --> 31:16.949
how we speed up the process of getting

31:16.949 --> 31:20.800
technology to avoid fire . Thank you ,

31:21.119 --> 31:23.341
Colonel Martin and then Colonel Hamer .

31:24.219 --> 31:26.209
Yeah , thanks . Uh , it's a good

31:26.209 --> 31:28.320
question . I , I would , uh , I would

31:28.320 --> 31:31.209
say this about that for us , uh , as

31:31.209 --> 31:33.609
small as we are , uh , relative to the

31:33.609 --> 31:35.720
rest of the service , I , I think the

31:35.720 --> 31:37.887
partnerships you've discussed here are

31:37.887 --> 31:39.776
absolutely existential . Uh , the

31:39.776 --> 31:41.776
service has got a single program of

31:41.776 --> 31:44.053
record with regard to , you know , the ,

31:44.053 --> 31:44.030
the , the forward edge of , of its

31:44.030 --> 31:46.086
capability for space superiority , a

31:46.086 --> 31:47.752
single program of record that

31:47.752 --> 31:49.863
admittedly is , is tied and connected

31:49.863 --> 31:52.030
to the force development process , and

31:52.030 --> 31:53.919
that comes with a certain kind of

31:53.919 --> 31:56.197
latency that that isn't always helpful .

31:56.197 --> 31:59.390
Um , at SpaceCom and at Mar Forcepace

31:59.390 --> 32:01.709
we've got the room to run , right ? And

32:01.709 --> 32:04.280
so we have learned very quickly that Uh ,

32:04.349 --> 32:06.571
not only is there an appetite for us to

32:06.571 --> 32:08.738
run , but there's also some resourcing

32:08.738 --> 32:11.016
where we can find problems , uh , that ,

32:11.016 --> 32:13.182
you know , the solutions which are are

32:13.182 --> 32:15.238
really meaningful for , for SpaceCom

32:15.238 --> 32:17.238
and the rest of the enterprise . So

32:17.238 --> 32:19.349
we've looked for for partnerships and

32:19.349 --> 32:19.270
two that have emerged pretty quickly

32:19.270 --> 32:22.069
for us are , uh , the Space Forces . I

32:22.069 --> 32:24.236
think it's rapid response . I may have

32:24.236 --> 32:26.347
the acronym wrong , but . Uh , that's

32:26.347 --> 32:28.402
co-located with us there in Colorado

32:28.402 --> 32:30.291
Springs . They've been incredible

32:30.291 --> 32:32.236
partners doing some really awesome

32:32.236 --> 32:34.291
things in the science and technology

32:34.291 --> 32:36.402
role and realm and then looking for a

32:36.402 --> 32:36.349
mission partner to get those things out

32:36.349 --> 32:38.238
into the field , and those things

32:38.238 --> 32:40.349
pretty they've got an interesting way

32:40.349 --> 32:42.516
of becoming capabilities for us in the

32:42.516 --> 32:44.349
near term . And then there's the

32:44.349 --> 32:46.293
commercial aspect too we're on the

32:46.293 --> 32:47.849
verge of exploring some new

32:47.849 --> 32:49.960
technologies with commercial partners

32:49.960 --> 32:52.127
that'll help us contribute , I think ,

32:52.127 --> 32:54.016
in a really outsized way to space

32:54.016 --> 32:53.989
domain awareness missions , some of the

32:53.989 --> 32:56.100
challenges that come with that , um ,

32:56.219 --> 32:57.941
and , and , and as you all can

32:57.941 --> 33:00.052
appreciate that pace is much faster .

33:00.250 --> 33:02.250
And I mentioned in terms of getting

33:02.250 --> 33:04.306
that back around into the service so

33:04.306 --> 33:06.417
the Marine Corps is better for it . I

33:06.417 --> 33:08.639
mentioned earlier I may have alluded to

33:08.639 --> 33:08.270
the pathfinding role that we have . Our

33:08.270 --> 33:10.959
our operational requirement is to

33:10.959 --> 33:13.040
SpaceCom and meeting their mission ,

33:13.079 --> 33:15.599
but what I call the moral imperative is

33:15.599 --> 33:17.655
for us to take everything that we're

33:17.655 --> 33:19.710
learning and those capabilities that

33:19.710 --> 33:21.877
we're exploring and and and developing

33:21.877 --> 33:23.988
for SpaceCom and finding ways to fold

33:23.988 --> 33:26.210
them back into the surface , so . The ,

33:26.210 --> 33:28.266
the course we're charting in Mar For

33:28.266 --> 33:30.432
space today , I think is gonna be what

33:30.432 --> 33:32.488
the Marine Corps' contribution to to

33:32.488 --> 33:34.599
space and , and the domain looks like

33:34.599 --> 33:34.449
tomorrow . So that's an exciting uh

33:34.449 --> 33:36.671
thing for us to be a part of and , uh ,

33:36.671 --> 33:38.838
a good way for us to take advantage of

33:38.838 --> 33:38.810
some of those very .

33:43.550 --> 33:45.661
As I said earlier , the Air Force has

33:45.661 --> 33:47.217
been a great user of Domain

33:47.217 --> 33:50.069
Awareness.com , PNT , and examples that

33:50.069 --> 33:52.410
we used earlier , but what the Air

33:52.410 --> 33:54.577
Force hadn't been doing for a while is

33:54.577 --> 33:56.688
the Space Force left . They do that ,

33:56.688 --> 33:58.743
but now we need to look at it in the

33:58.743 --> 34:00.910
future . We're starting to change that

34:00.910 --> 34:03.077
mindset of how do we . Use space power

34:03.077 --> 34:05.670
or use our capabilities to deny enemy

34:05.670 --> 34:07.709
space power so they don't have the

34:07.709 --> 34:09.876
awareness , so they don't have SATO so

34:09.876 --> 34:11.931
we can actually get our mission done

34:11.931 --> 34:14.153
instead of just letting another service

34:14.153 --> 34:16.265
take care of that and our acquisition

34:16.265 --> 34:18.098
reform , you know , we're really

34:18.098 --> 34:19.876
pushing forward , trying to use

34:19.876 --> 34:22.098
existing capabilities , developing them

34:22.098 --> 34:21.800
quicker , using Rappid capabilities

34:21.800 --> 34:24.709
Office , using COTS type systems to

34:24.709 --> 34:26.580
develop things quicker so we can

34:26.580 --> 34:29.030
actually start affecting those those

34:29.030 --> 34:30.197
targets as we move .

34:33.789 --> 34:35.789
OK , thanks to the panel for that .

34:35.789 --> 34:37.858
Doctor Fitzgerald . Thank you . This

34:37.858 --> 34:40.208
question is also for the panel at large ,

34:40.458 --> 34:43.649
and uh you can feel it as you wish . At

34:43.649 --> 34:45.750
last year's symposium , there was

34:45.750 --> 34:47.917
considerable discussion about the 21st

34:47.917 --> 34:50.489
century triad of space , cyber and

34:50.489 --> 34:53.198
special operations . How has this triad

34:53.198 --> 34:55.365
evolved in the past year and where are

34:55.365 --> 34:58.360
we headed ? OK , that's a great

34:58.360 --> 35:00.582
question . We've had panels on that for

35:00.582 --> 35:04.280
the last 2 or 3 symposiums , and if you

35:04.280 --> 35:06.224
listen carefully , General Whiting

35:06.224 --> 35:08.447
actually referred to all three of those

35:08.447 --> 35:10.613
capabilities in his remarks . While he

35:10.613 --> 35:12.780
didn't call it the triad , it was very

35:12.780 --> 35:15.159
clear . So it seems to me the triad's

35:15.159 --> 35:17.381
living , and I'll be interested to hear

35:17.381 --> 35:19.760
the panel's response . Anybody ?

35:21.100 --> 35:23.211
Good . So I'll take the first shot at

35:23.211 --> 35:24.878
that one . So a number of the

35:24.878 --> 35:27.120
components up here also are dual headed

35:27.120 --> 35:29.850
as cyber components . My boss is not a

35:29.850 --> 35:32.120
dual-headed as one of those , and I

35:32.120 --> 35:34.409
won't focus so much on the special ops

35:34.409 --> 35:36.576
side of the triads maybe it's a dyad .

35:36.576 --> 35:38.742
I'll talk about the space in the cyber

35:38.742 --> 35:40.687
aspect of it . Uh , so cybercom is

35:40.687 --> 35:42.520
interesting in the way that they

35:42.520 --> 35:44.520
present their forces to support the

35:44.520 --> 35:46.631
other combatant commands . Uh , so if

35:46.631 --> 35:48.909
you were to look at , uh , for example ,

35:48.959 --> 35:51.520
Fleet cyber , uh , they are , they're

35:51.520 --> 35:53.298
pigeonholed against Indo-Paycom

35:53.298 --> 35:55.919
primarily , but if I wanted support for

35:55.919 --> 35:58.141
General Whiting , it's coming from 16th

35:58.141 --> 36:00.252
Air Force , which is , you know , the

36:00.252 --> 36:02.363
Air Force component of CyberCon , and

36:02.363 --> 36:04.586
so it gets pretty thorny pretty quickly

36:04.586 --> 36:06.808
when you're worried about a cyber actor

36:06.808 --> 36:08.919
or having offensive cyber fired where

36:08.919 --> 36:08.889
you're trying to support an Indo-Pecom

36:08.889 --> 36:11.000
fight because it really isn't Duane's

36:11.000 --> 36:13.000
folks that are going to support the

36:13.000 --> 36:15.000
folks at Vandenberg . It's probably

36:15.000 --> 36:14.879
going to be the folks from 16th Air

36:14.879 --> 36:17.330
Force . They're down in Lac . And

36:17.330 --> 36:19.330
really what we hadn't done over the

36:19.330 --> 36:21.552
past year , over the past several years

36:21.552 --> 36:23.274
is we haven't really tied that

36:23.274 --> 36:25.497
connection very well at the operational

36:25.497 --> 36:27.497
level . And so now we're looking at

36:27.497 --> 36:27.379
what the adversary is is putting on

36:27.379 --> 36:29.435
orbit and saying , where , where are

36:29.435 --> 36:31.546
the cyber vectors there ? Let's bring

36:31.546 --> 36:33.601
some experts in in these systems and

36:33.601 --> 36:35.823
see if there's some cyber approaches to

36:35.823 --> 36:35.550
it . So , so I think at least from a

36:35.550 --> 36:37.717
space in the cyber perspective we have

36:37.717 --> 36:39.550
to to latch those two together .

36:43.639 --> 36:46.040
I look at the triad and a tend to be at

36:46.040 --> 36:48.989
a very tactical operational level as

36:48.989 --> 36:51.290
that what we started back when I was a

36:51.290 --> 36:53.949
brigade commander in early 21 with

36:53.949 --> 36:57.030
General Braga and UASA and the CyberCom

36:57.030 --> 37:00.179
team is is how do we take those three

37:00.179 --> 37:03.310
missionaries , bring them together and

37:03.310 --> 37:06.229
to start shaping the environment and

37:06.229 --> 37:08.530
shaping or setting the theater in phase

37:08.530 --> 37:10.939
zero , as we all collectively

37:10.939 --> 37:14.439
understand . The the way of It is no

37:14.439 --> 37:16.606
longer really relevant where you could

37:16.606 --> 37:18.760
set a theater with air superior air

37:18.760 --> 37:20.871
power and air defense capabilities to

37:20.871 --> 37:22.927
gain and maintain your superiority ,

37:22.927 --> 37:25.093
which then would facilitate ground and

37:25.093 --> 37:27.427
maritime superiority . In today's fight ,

37:27.427 --> 37:29.538
most definitely in the future fight ,

37:29.538 --> 37:31.371
you're going to have to set that

37:31.371 --> 37:33.649
theater with space and cyber months if

37:33.649 --> 37:36.409
not years in advance to establish that

37:36.409 --> 37:38.465
superiority at the time and place of

37:38.465 --> 37:40.409
our choosing that then facilitates

37:40.409 --> 37:42.576
their superiority but then facilitates

37:42.576 --> 37:44.687
ground and maritime superiority . And

37:44.687 --> 37:46.909
so we use the triad and that missionary

37:46.909 --> 37:49.076
and that mindset and developing techni

37:49.076 --> 37:51.298
techniques , techniques , and tactics ,

37:51.298 --> 37:53.465
techniques and procedures and comments

37:53.465 --> 37:55.687
or concepts of employment , concepts of

37:55.687 --> 37:57.742
operation . To figure out how we can

37:57.742 --> 37:59.989
get into that extreme tactical edge in

37:59.989 --> 38:02.429
permissive and non-permissive austere

38:02.429 --> 38:05.149
environments to see and understand to

38:05.149 --> 38:07.316
begin stimulating our adversary in the

38:07.316 --> 38:09.482
space domain to see how they react and

38:09.482 --> 38:11.371
then based on that reaction , our

38:11.371 --> 38:13.482
counteraction could be that much more

38:13.482 --> 38:15.816
effective and efficient . We do need to ,

38:15.816 --> 38:17.816
you know , place fires on an out of

38:17.816 --> 38:19.649
area . So as we set that theater

38:19.649 --> 38:21.750
through the triad in that taskal and

38:21.750 --> 38:23.850
operational sense is really to , you

38:23.850 --> 38:25.906
know , on the path to crisis develop

38:25.906 --> 38:28.800
those off-ramps to de-escalate before

38:28.800 --> 38:30.800
we get to crisis . But if we get to

38:30.800 --> 38:33.320
crisis , we've established the

38:33.320 --> 38:36.520
terrestrial high ground . Through the ,

38:36.719 --> 38:38.775
you know , the , that uh through the

38:38.775 --> 38:40.997
key space terrain in a virtual and in a

38:40.997 --> 38:43.219
physical realm that we can dominate our

38:43.219 --> 38:44.830
adversary of call to do so .

38:49.290 --> 38:51.401
Anybody else on the panel wanna touch

38:51.401 --> 38:55.239
on that ? No ? OK , sure . Yes ,

38:55.360 --> 38:58.489
this would be for . I believe it's

38:58.489 --> 38:59.489
Colonel Martin .

39:04.610 --> 39:08.370
correct . Can you

39:08.370 --> 39:10.449
elaborate on what exactly the Marine

39:10.449 --> 39:12.729
Corps expeditionary forces can do for

39:12.729 --> 39:16.270
space . What is an example ? Are you

39:16.270 --> 39:18.214
talking about interdicting , say ,

39:18.214 --> 39:21.310
launch sites or close up jamming ? for

39:21.310 --> 39:24.739
Colonel Martin . Sure , thanks . Uh ,

39:24.780 --> 39:27.002
to some extent I , I can do that . Um ,

39:27.340 --> 39:29.229
I , you can , you can think about

39:29.229 --> 39:31.451
Marine Corps general . I'll start there

39:31.451 --> 39:33.284
first , um , and I , I mentioned

39:33.284 --> 39:35.507
earlier , uh , that , that , you know ,

39:35.507 --> 39:37.810
we've got a With a long history of of

39:37.810 --> 39:39.977
investments as a service and and being

39:39.977 --> 39:42.010
able to harness space-based

39:42.010 --> 39:44.489
capabilities uh and that's continuing

39:44.489 --> 39:47.770
to . To to move a pace right ? so force

39:47.770 --> 39:51.239
design has . Uh , made it very clear

39:51.239 --> 39:53.406
that you know one of our central roles

39:53.406 --> 39:55.572
as a service is to be able to serve as

39:55.572 --> 39:58.080
a standing force and standing force

39:58.080 --> 40:00.560
goes to hard places like contested

40:00.560 --> 40:03.370
litorals and persists there and senses

40:03.370 --> 40:05.370
the battle space and and is able to

40:05.370 --> 40:07.600
move that sensed data to the rest of

40:07.600 --> 40:10.350
the joint force to enable . Uh , things

40:10.350 --> 40:12.406
like over the horizon and long range

40:12.406 --> 40:15.070
fires , it's all goodness now more so

40:15.070 --> 40:16.903
than ever , you know , that is a

40:16.903 --> 40:19.500
contribution that that requires more

40:19.500 --> 40:21.278
and better versions of of those

40:21.278 --> 40:23.500
space-based capabilities . So the , the

40:23.500 --> 40:25.611
resources that are gonna go into that

40:25.611 --> 40:27.778
are are not in a fault or that's gonna

40:27.778 --> 40:27.629
be an imperative for the service moving

40:27.629 --> 40:29.870
forward on the flip side of that , the

40:29.870 --> 40:31.981
space superiority piece , there's a .

40:32.209 --> 40:34.431
There's a program of record resident in

40:34.431 --> 40:36.431
the fleet Marine Force . We'll have

40:36.431 --> 40:36.370
that too at more Force Base . That's

40:36.370 --> 40:38.481
got a , it's a battle space awareness

40:38.481 --> 40:40.481
capability with the space domain in

40:40.481 --> 40:42.703
mind . Uh , and that's something that ,

40:42.703 --> 40:44.870
that you'll see proliferate across the

40:44.870 --> 40:46.981
service over the course of the next ,

40:46.981 --> 40:49.148
uh , the next several months , uh , as

40:49.148 --> 40:51.203
that's fielded . Specifically at Mar

40:51.203 --> 40:53.481
Force Space , uh , like I said earlier ,

40:53.481 --> 40:55.592
we , we've got the unique advantage ,

40:55.592 --> 40:57.703
you know , it's fun about being us is

40:57.703 --> 40:59.759
that we are , uh , we're able to run

40:59.759 --> 41:02.590
across all 10 of those space mission

41:02.590 --> 41:04.368
areas and find ways that we can

41:04.368 --> 41:06.423
contribute as a service through that

41:06.423 --> 41:08.590
unique expeditionary character that we

41:08.590 --> 41:10.868
bring in ways that are most meaningful .

41:10.868 --> 41:13.090
It's the same question the Marine Corps

41:13.090 --> 41:13.070
asks itself about the joint force .

41:13.189 --> 41:15.356
What's the most important thing we can

41:15.356 --> 41:17.356
do ? Well , that's the same thing I

41:17.356 --> 41:19.570
asked and General Matos asks about uh

41:19.570 --> 41:21.626
what we can do for SpaceCon . What's

41:21.626 --> 41:23.737
the most important thing for SpaceCon

41:23.737 --> 41:25.848
that we can do with it . And so where

41:25.848 --> 41:28.070
that's led us is certainly battle space

41:28.070 --> 41:30.290
awareness that's leading us into ISR

41:30.290 --> 41:32.729
capabilities , and that's leading us

41:32.729 --> 41:35.110
into space domain awareness , which is ,

41:35.409 --> 41:37.169
which has got implications for

41:37.169 --> 41:39.391
everything from missile warning , which

41:39.391 --> 41:41.558
is an exciting contribution to be able

41:41.558 --> 41:43.669
to make to the broader team , as well

41:43.669 --> 41:46.090
as some of the sensing and support of

41:46.090 --> 41:48.330
space fires . So those are those are

41:48.330 --> 41:50.663
interesting aspects of what we're up to .

41:50.663 --> 41:52.774
That's about as . Uh , detailed as we

41:52.774 --> 41:54.886
can go , I think here in this venue ,

41:54.886 --> 41:57.108
but it's again an exciting place for us

41:57.108 --> 41:59.052
to be and , and really , uh , just

41:59.052 --> 42:01.274
grateful that , uh , the Marine Corps's

42:01.274 --> 42:01.100
kind of given us the leash to , to run

42:01.100 --> 42:03.211
in support of what SpaceCom needs and

42:03.211 --> 42:06.840
what the joint force demands . Thank

42:06.850 --> 42:10.850
you . This question also is for

42:10.850 --> 42:13.830
the panel writ large . As was stated in

42:13.830 --> 42:16.070
a previous presentation , quantity has

42:16.070 --> 42:19.120
a quality of its own . What are you

42:19.120 --> 42:21.120
doing ? What are your organizations

42:21.120 --> 42:23.009
doing to counter the quantitative

42:23.009 --> 42:25.064
quantitative advantage in space that

42:25.064 --> 42:26.898
our adversaries currently have ?

42:30.610 --> 42:32.721
OK , that's a great question , and it

42:32.721 --> 42:34.610
really talks to how we're growing

42:34.610 --> 42:36.721
capabilities need your services . Who

42:36.721 --> 42:38.832
wants to go further . Go , go ahead .

42:40.139 --> 42:42.361
Yeah , great question . I , I would say

42:42.361 --> 42:44.306
how do we counter and have a story

42:44.306 --> 42:46.929
that's got magazine depth and uh not

42:46.929 --> 42:49.370
just uh kinetic capabilities but other .

42:50.360 --> 42:52.439
Non-lethal producing capabilities as

42:52.439 --> 42:54.760
well is to find efficiencies across our

42:54.760 --> 42:56.927
services once again working together ,

42:56.927 --> 42:59.093
talking to each other , uh , but as we

42:59.093 --> 43:02.810
look at things that um . Space

43:02.810 --> 43:04.977
fires , as Rich mentioned earlier , so

43:04.977 --> 43:07.310
space fires with counter communications ,

43:07.310 --> 43:09.421
counter surveillance reconnaissance ,

43:09.421 --> 43:11.532
navigation warfare , things we can do

43:11.532 --> 43:13.754
in the high altitude real with balloons

43:13.754 --> 43:15.810
or fixed wing aircraft , not just in

43:15.810 --> 43:17.810
the terrestrial realm , but also to

43:17.810 --> 43:19.977
support the extraterrestrial flight as

43:19.977 --> 43:22.199
well . And so it is not just supporting

43:22.199 --> 43:24.366
ground maneuver , it's also supporting

43:24.366 --> 43:26.366
space maneuver , but building those

43:26.366 --> 43:28.588
capabilities and then we collectively .

43:28.588 --> 43:30.699
Joint force come together through our

43:30.699 --> 43:32.810
systems and processes . So when we do

43:32.810 --> 43:34.866
target development , targeting , and

43:34.866 --> 43:36.754
then weaponeering , we're not all

43:36.754 --> 43:38.975
trying to shoot the same or affect the

43:38.975 --> 43:41.455
same target . I think with our sheer

43:41.455 --> 43:44.054
number or lack of numbers , if we have

43:44.054 --> 43:46.574
multiple weapon systems or effectors

43:46.574 --> 43:50.014
putting effects on a on a target in

43:50.014 --> 43:52.929
my view that's fratricide . And so as

43:52.929 --> 43:55.040
we continue to work together and find

43:55.040 --> 43:57.096
ways that we can produce those space

43:57.096 --> 43:58.429
fires , terrestrial and

43:58.429 --> 44:00.540
extraterrestrial , is making sure our

44:00.540 --> 44:03.129
targeting systems , our processes are

44:03.129 --> 44:04.929
joined in nature , that we are

44:04.929 --> 44:06.873
communicating and finding the most

44:06.873 --> 44:09.010
effective and efficient way to the 9

44:09.010 --> 44:11.232
degree disrupt our adversaries' ability

44:11.232 --> 44:13.919
to use space against us or to affect

44:13.919 --> 44:17.010
space , preventing us from from using

44:17.010 --> 44:20.399
space effective . As well . Anybody

44:20.399 --> 44:24.370
else ? Sure , uh , you know ,

44:24.689 --> 44:26.870
uh , proliferation is also something

44:26.870 --> 44:28.926
that's , uh , that works effectively

44:28.926 --> 44:31.148
for us , right ? And , and I , I looked

44:31.148 --> 44:33.370
at , uh , an email that we got just the

44:33.370 --> 44:35.592
other day . I want to say that Starlink

44:35.592 --> 44:37.759
has over 8000 satellites now , uh , so

44:37.759 --> 44:39.926
it's not just a problem that we have ,

44:39.926 --> 44:39.070
it's a problem our adversaries have .

44:39.110 --> 44:41.054
They got to figure out how they're

44:41.054 --> 44:43.277
gonna target 8000 satellites , uh , and

44:43.277 --> 44:45.499
a number of ACA are gonna take out 8000

44:45.499 --> 44:44.550
of them , so they're gonna have to come

44:44.550 --> 44:46.494
up with different ways to go after

44:46.494 --> 44:48.717
those types of systems . Uh , I , our ,

44:48.717 --> 44:50.828
our adversaries are gonna do the same

44:50.828 --> 44:50.510
thing , right ? So you have to look at

44:50.510 --> 44:52.732
what are the one to many solutions that

44:52.732 --> 44:54.677
are out there that can target that

44:54.677 --> 44:56.843
that's cost effective . Uh , is that a

44:56.843 --> 44:59.066
directed energy ? Is that a cyber , and

44:59.066 --> 44:57.989
those are the types of things that I

44:57.989 --> 44:58.989
think you .

45:02.939 --> 45:05.469
Yeah , thanks . I think from a , a

45:05.899 --> 45:08.719
strategic perspective . Um , even

45:08.719 --> 45:10.879
though we focus on what new

45:10.879 --> 45:13.101
capabilities we can bring , how fast we

45:13.101 --> 45:15.101
can bring them , who can contribute

45:15.101 --> 45:17.212
them from whatever the service or the

45:17.212 --> 45:19.379
organization . Um , as Rick alluded to

45:19.379 --> 45:22.500
with proliferation , um , it's about

45:22.500 --> 45:24.860
having the ability with bringing more

45:24.860 --> 45:27.260
mass to the fight to make sure you have

45:27.260 --> 45:30.370
a domain in which you can fight . Um ,

45:30.449 --> 45:32.005
so as we bring all of these

45:32.005 --> 45:34.169
capabilities to bear , kinetic and

45:34.169 --> 45:36.129
non-kinetic , one of our central

45:36.129 --> 45:39.489
tenants must remain , um .

45:40.729 --> 45:42.729
Make sure we have a domain to fight

45:42.729 --> 45:44.840
with when in fact we have to go fight

45:44.840 --> 45:48.379
if we do and um . The nature of debris

45:48.379 --> 45:50.268
generation , the nature of launch

45:50.268 --> 45:52.739
debris that gets created , the nature

45:52.739 --> 45:55.979
of satellites that as General Whiting

45:55.979 --> 45:59.550
described today with the point to

45:59.550 --> 46:03.340
point car example versus in space what

46:03.340 --> 46:05.939
it means to a satellite , and we think

46:05.939 --> 46:08.161
through all these new capabilities that

46:08.161 --> 46:10.739
we bring there . Um , unless we truly

46:10.739 --> 46:12.961
think through the first principles , we

46:12.961 --> 46:15.899
don't want to create something that has

46:15.899 --> 46:17.788
unintentional consequences to our

46:17.788 --> 46:19.677
ability to or fight in the domain

46:19.677 --> 46:21.732
despite because we need more maths .

46:25.510 --> 46:27.732
Thanks . Anybody else on the panel want

46:27.732 --> 46:29.954
to add anything ? I would just add that

46:29.954 --> 46:31.899
to pile on to the efficiencies and

46:31.899 --> 46:33.843
integrating the fires as we go out

46:33.843 --> 46:35.788
there with with this scope and the

46:35.788 --> 46:37.732
magnitude of everything that's out

46:37.732 --> 46:39.510
there that the enemy has having

46:39.510 --> 46:41.566
airborne type platforms allows us to

46:41.566 --> 46:43.750
integrate and fill those gaps . So

46:43.750 --> 46:45.861
that's where the Air Force would come

46:45.861 --> 46:48.229
in to fix those seams or gaps that

46:48.229 --> 46:50.285
can't be used by Mobil or the Navy ,

46:50.285 --> 46:52.062
and we can rapidly get to those

46:52.062 --> 46:53.729
positions as we develop our .

46:58.790 --> 47:02.030
Sure . This will be for the panel at

47:02.030 --> 47:05.419
large as well . What is the single most

47:05.870 --> 47:08.419
technical challenge ? You might say the

47:08.419 --> 47:10.475
largest technical challenge that you

47:10.475 --> 47:12.939
have that industry can help you solve

47:12.939 --> 47:13.939
this .

47:19.449 --> 47:21.505
Good question . Who wants to start ?

47:23.520 --> 47:26.590
Go ahead . Sure . uh , I , I think I

47:26.590 --> 47:28.590
alluded to it earlier . I would say

47:28.590 --> 47:30.479
speed of the . Uh , and that's no

47:30.479 --> 47:32.423
surprise to any of you here in the

47:32.423 --> 47:34.534
audience , right ? I mean , we , we ,

47:34.534 --> 47:36.646
uh , to , to give the , the service ,

47:36.646 --> 47:38.701
at least the Marine Corps , um , you

47:38.701 --> 47:40.590
know , the proper credit , that's

47:40.590 --> 47:42.757
something that the service I think all

47:42.757 --> 47:44.868
of us here on the on the panel , uh ,

47:44.868 --> 47:46.979
have a similar story that the service

47:46.979 --> 47:48.979
recognizes that , you know , legacy

47:48.979 --> 47:50.646
processes are , are , are not

47:50.646 --> 47:52.812
necessarily , uh , moving at the speed

47:52.812 --> 47:54.868
of need and we're taking affirmative

47:54.868 --> 47:56.979
and definitive steps to get past that

47:56.979 --> 47:58.979
and find . Ways to be more adequate

47:58.979 --> 48:01.034
certainly the the commercial side of

48:01.034 --> 48:03.257
things is , is the critical partnership

48:03.257 --> 48:05.423
and that and like I said that's that's

48:05.423 --> 48:07.590
the reason that that we have more than

48:07.590 --> 48:09.701
what we uh what the service can offer

48:09.701 --> 48:11.646
us as a single program in more for

48:11.646 --> 48:13.812
space we've got other things that that

48:13.812 --> 48:13.449
expanded our portfolio a lot of that

48:13.449 --> 48:15.889
has to do with with industry and I , I

48:15.889 --> 48:18.969
think , um . As the , as you , uh , you

48:18.969 --> 48:21.191
heard earlier , the problem changes all

48:21.191 --> 48:23.247
the time , but the challenge becomes

48:23.247 --> 48:25.525
more difficult all the time by the day .

48:25.525 --> 48:28.449
Uh , the only option to be able to

48:28.449 --> 48:30.629
overcome that is , is , is an

48:30.629 --> 48:32.351
organizational and an industry

48:32.351 --> 48:34.518
partnership that that moves as quickly

48:34.518 --> 48:36.740
as , uh , as we need to move together .

48:36.740 --> 48:38.796
Uh , I would say that's the , that's

48:38.796 --> 48:40.462
the kicker for us as we are ,

48:40.462 --> 48:42.685
especially as we're exploring the , the

48:42.685 --> 48:44.573
kind of the jagged edge of what's

48:44.573 --> 48:46.740
possible . That's the only way to be .

48:48.510 --> 48:52.239
I , I would just say that um . You know ,

48:52.280 --> 48:55.580
I'm not a space expert . Um , but I've

48:55.580 --> 48:57.636
been brought along , I think General

48:57.636 --> 48:59.636
Gay said that maybe a little slower

48:59.636 --> 49:02.949
than he has , um . But this

49:02.949 --> 49:05.360
domain requires a war fighting approach .

49:06.070 --> 49:08.250
It doesn't require ones and zeros

49:08.250 --> 49:10.472
technical solutions that don't allow us

49:10.472 --> 49:12.850
to war fight . So as we look at it and

49:12.850 --> 49:15.250
try to solve technical , the biggest

49:15.250 --> 49:19.030
technical challenges that we have . Um ,

49:20.159 --> 49:21.770
Taking it from a war fighter

49:21.770 --> 49:23.459
perspective first versus the

49:23.459 --> 49:25.709
technically achievable solution

49:26.320 --> 49:28.542
probably is the approach that we should

49:28.542 --> 49:32.399
stay on otherwise , but we're gonna not

49:32.399 --> 49:34.566
move at the speed for which we must in

49:34.566 --> 49:36.520
the face of adversaries that are .

49:39.629 --> 49:42.020
Good . I'll add a little bit on to what

49:42.020 --> 49:43.909
General Gibson said . It's really

49:43.909 --> 49:45.909
challenging to visualize our battle

49:45.909 --> 49:48.076
space . Uh , for those of us that grew

49:48.076 --> 49:49.964
up in the land domain , you , you

49:49.964 --> 49:49.899
pretty much understand how to visualize

49:49.899 --> 49:51.899
the battle space that commander can

49:51.899 --> 49:53.955
kind of see how a battle is going to

49:53.955 --> 49:55.843
unfold , you know , where the key

49:55.843 --> 49:55.610
terrain is , you know where you need to

49:55.820 --> 49:58.098
have your assets , you know , you know ,

49:58.098 --> 50:00.098
where and when you're going to need

50:00.098 --> 50:02.264
your indirect fires and whatnot . Uh ,

50:02.264 --> 50:01.820
our battle space is , is pretty

50:01.820 --> 50:03.987
challenging . The , the dynamics are a

50:03.987 --> 50:06.209
little bit different than we see on the

50:06.209 --> 50:08.431
ground . Uh , it's , uh , it's all done

50:08.431 --> 50:10.487
by sensors . You don't really see it

50:10.487 --> 50:12.542
firsthand . Um , and in the dynamics

50:12.542 --> 50:12.389
between , you know , where the

50:12.389 --> 50:14.222
adversary is and where you are ,

50:14.222 --> 50:16.333
sometimes the information is bleeding

50:16.333 --> 50:18.500
at best . And so today we get a lot of

50:18.500 --> 50:20.500
reports in their one-offs , right ?

50:20.500 --> 50:22.667
They'll say that this adversary assets

50:22.667 --> 50:24.778
in proximity of this of your friendly

50:24.778 --> 50:26.778
asset and then a week later you get

50:26.778 --> 50:26.750
another report . This is the same thing

50:26.750 --> 50:28.806
and right now we're expected to fuse

50:28.806 --> 50:31.028
that piece of information to figure out

50:31.028 --> 50:33.250
what they're doing . Uh , that's pretty

50:33.250 --> 50:35.083
challenging . Other parts of our

50:35.083 --> 50:37.028
missionaries are a little bit more

50:37.028 --> 50:38.972
further along in terms that we can

50:38.972 --> 50:40.917
communicate to senior viewers very

50:40.917 --> 50:43.028
quickly where the risk is today , why

50:43.028 --> 50:45.250
there's risk there , what you can do to

50:45.250 --> 50:47.250
mitigate that risk , and what other

50:47.250 --> 50:46.929
resources can you bring to bear to

50:46.929 --> 50:48.818
alleviate that risk . It's pretty

50:48.818 --> 50:50.762
challenging today to visualize the

50:50.762 --> 50:50.169
about .

50:56.100 --> 50:59.300
So , so I would say doing things like

50:59.300 --> 51:03.020
this , having these forums , uh , for

51:03.020 --> 51:04.798
us to be able to articulate and

51:04.798 --> 51:06.853
communicate some of these things , I

51:06.853 --> 51:09.560
won't say there's a single . Uh , most

51:09.560 --> 51:11.616
challenging thing that they can help

51:11.616 --> 51:14.120
with , uh , helping see things that we

51:14.120 --> 51:17.800
are not predicting that may , uh , make

51:17.800 --> 51:20.879
our systems , uh , not as resilient .

51:21.699 --> 51:23.755
Um , because of the work that you're

51:23.755 --> 51:25.977
doing , so again , kind of having these

51:25.977 --> 51:28.032
things where you put war fighters in

51:28.032 --> 51:30.143
the industry together is probably the

51:30.143 --> 51:32.088
most single important thing that I

51:32.088 --> 51:34.199
think uh that industry can do to help

51:34.199 --> 51:36.310
out because again you guys see things

51:36.310 --> 51:38.659
that we may not be seeing and give us

51:38.659 --> 51:40.326
the opportunity to be able to

51:40.326 --> 51:43.729
articulate some of those challenges uh

51:43.729 --> 51:45.951
that that we're seeing as well that you

51:45.951 --> 51:47.840
may already have a solution to so

51:47.840 --> 51:49.896
continue the communication is what I

51:49.896 --> 51:53.520
would say . Thanks for uh I think

51:53.520 --> 51:56.040
another great question . The volume of

51:56.040 --> 51:58.939
data required to execute target

51:58.939 --> 52:01.320
development at the basic intermediate

52:01.320 --> 52:03.600
and advanced levels for counter

52:03.600 --> 52:05.711
communications , counter surveillance

52:05.711 --> 52:07.870
reconnaissance , navigation warfare ,

52:08.080 --> 52:10.136
when you compare that to the various

52:10.136 --> 52:13.459
orbital regimes that Leo , Meo , uh ,

52:13.520 --> 52:17.070
Geo , yolithical . And then try to get

52:17.070 --> 52:18.903
the positional advantage and the

52:18.903 --> 52:21.830
virtual and the physical regimes or you

52:21.830 --> 52:23.941
know , domains or dimensions when you

52:23.941 --> 52:25.997
think of the geographic position and

52:25.997 --> 52:28.790
the geometric position to the , to the

52:28.790 --> 52:30.679
satellite that you're trying to .

52:30.810 --> 52:34.280
Effect per se that that volume of data

52:34.280 --> 52:37.959
is is is monumental and there's no way

52:37.959 --> 52:41.600
a human can process that fast enough so

52:41.600 --> 52:43.711
we can once again generate effects at

52:43.711 --> 52:45.767
the speed of relevancy , which is at

52:45.767 --> 52:47.656
the timing and temporal pace that

52:47.656 --> 52:50.889
maneuver wants to fight and win on the

52:50.889 --> 52:52.610
terrestrial battle space .

52:55.300 --> 52:57.411
OK , thanks , and you all have done a

52:57.411 --> 52:59.411
great job of submitting questions .

52:59.411 --> 53:01.744
What I'm gonna do is I'm gonna close up .

53:01.744 --> 53:03.522
I want to hear from each of the

53:03.522 --> 53:05.522
panelists if they could about their

53:05.522 --> 53:07.744
efforts to make uh to be more inclusive

53:07.744 --> 53:10.169
with allies and a coalition role in

53:10.169 --> 53:13.610
bringing capabilities . It's a space .

53:13.889 --> 53:16.111
So I'd like to start and , and then use

53:16.111 --> 53:18.333
that as your opportunity to answer that

53:18.333 --> 53:20.556
question , then give your final closing

53:20.556 --> 53:22.778
statement , and then that'll wrap up in

53:22.778 --> 53:24.778
the panel . So , yeah , we'll start

53:24.778 --> 53:26.778
please down at the end with Colonel

53:26.778 --> 53:26.610
Gingrich and we'll work our way down .

53:29.959 --> 53:32.015
To work with the allies , what we've

53:32.015 --> 53:34.292
been doing as , as you're aware , NASA ,

53:34.292 --> 53:36.403
when they send up people to the ISS ,

53:36.403 --> 53:38.681
there's other countries involved there .

53:38.681 --> 53:40.737
So what we've been doing is outreach

53:40.737 --> 53:42.959
and that helps with our campaigning and

53:42.959 --> 53:42.790
helps with our future security

53:42.790 --> 53:45.189
cooperation where we can actually join

53:45.189 --> 53:47.840
with the Japanese self-defense Force

53:47.840 --> 53:50.062
and and talk to their rescue swimmers ,

53:50.062 --> 53:52.173
talk to Canada's rescue swimmers , so

53:52.173 --> 53:54.173
that builds those relationships not

53:54.173 --> 53:56.396
just in our human space flight role but

53:56.396 --> 53:58.510
allows us then from our J55 up to the

53:58.510 --> 54:01.550
J5 . To build those relationships

54:01.550 --> 54:03.606
across as we need them in the future

54:03.606 --> 54:06.389
through our coalition partners um as as

54:06.389 --> 54:08.870
we move forward as my closing remarks

54:08.870 --> 54:11.310
just the , the one thing for Air Force

54:11.310 --> 54:13.750
space we're I'd still say we're we're

54:13.750 --> 54:16.350
new , we're growing , and we lost a lot

54:16.350 --> 54:18.461
of our space expertise when the Space

54:18.461 --> 54:20.406
Force had departed and we're , and

54:20.406 --> 54:23.739
we're regrowing that expertise for not

54:23.909 --> 54:26.020
how to run satellites or how to run .

54:26.350 --> 54:29.290
Space , but how to use air power in

54:29.290 --> 54:31.401
support of that and you know , that's

54:31.401 --> 54:33.457
where we , we see ourselves going in

54:33.457 --> 54:33.409
the future and I do see that the

54:33.409 --> 54:35.409
warfare Center , I do see that some

54:35.409 --> 54:37.576
major exercises that we're starting to

54:37.576 --> 54:39.798
grow that and as the future grows , you

54:39.798 --> 54:41.853
know , more capabilities will come .

54:43.830 --> 54:47.379
Ma , please . Thank you . Uh , so I ,

54:47.510 --> 54:49.454
the , the one that that we've been

54:49.454 --> 54:51.343
discussing at the office the last

54:51.343 --> 54:53.454
couple of weeks really runs to , uh ,

54:54.219 --> 54:56.770
The opportunity to capitalize on on uh

54:56.770 --> 54:58.826
relationships specifically with with

54:58.826 --> 55:00.937
space domain awareness capabilities ,

55:00.937 --> 55:02.714
right ? And so we we talk about

55:02.714 --> 55:04.881
Operation Olympic Defender uh what the

55:04.881 --> 55:06.992
role that's gonna play , and then how

55:06.992 --> 55:09.048
we can we can make a contribution to

55:09.048 --> 55:11.214
that . That's not something that we're

55:11.214 --> 55:11.010
we're necessarily well practiced in or

55:11.010 --> 55:13.232
experienced in , but we know that's a .

55:13.232 --> 55:15.343
An imperative , so you know , the SDA

55:15.343 --> 55:17.454
thing I think , uh , what's uh what's

55:17.454 --> 55:19.677
become obvious and apparent to us now ,

55:19.677 --> 55:21.677
uh , having worked on some of those

55:21.677 --> 55:23.399
technologies as uh as an as an

55:23.399 --> 55:25.510
experimental capability , uh , is the

55:25.510 --> 55:27.677
extent to which , you know , those key

55:27.677 --> 55:29.621
partnerships with , with , uh with

55:29.621 --> 55:31.454
allies . Are really gonna make a

55:31.454 --> 55:33.621
difference in in the employability and

55:33.621 --> 55:35.843
capabilities like that you know the geo

55:35.843 --> 55:37.788
uh the geographic access that that

55:37.788 --> 55:40.929
partnerships uh between uh our allied

55:40.929 --> 55:43.290
nations and , and , uh , and the US

55:43.290 --> 55:45.346
provider are irreplaceable . They're

55:45.346 --> 55:47.512
critical to that , uh , as well as the

55:47.512 --> 55:49.734
the technical advantage that commercial

55:49.734 --> 55:52.250
industries alongside their their their

55:52.250 --> 55:54.889
host nation militaries portend for ,

55:55.010 --> 55:56.788
for advantages and space domain

55:56.788 --> 55:59.066
awareness I think are really important .

55:59.066 --> 56:01.520
Um , so you know , as , as I think as

56:01.520 --> 56:03.853
you see some commercial industries , uh ,

56:03.853 --> 56:05.798
proliferate space domain awareness

56:05.798 --> 56:08.139
technologies into their , their , their

56:08.139 --> 56:10.083
militaries at home there that that

56:10.083 --> 56:12.306
makes for great opportunities for us to

56:12.306 --> 56:14.139
find ways to capitalize on those

56:14.139 --> 56:16.083
partnership opportunities for that

56:16.083 --> 56:18.306
particular capability , um , you know ,

56:18.306 --> 56:20.250
that a lot of that runs to to some

56:20.250 --> 56:22.361
unclassified nature and makes some of

56:22.361 --> 56:24.583
the inertia associated with information

56:24.583 --> 56:26.417
sharing . Uh , a little bit less

56:26.417 --> 56:28.417
difficult . So that's , uh , that's

56:28.417 --> 56:28.250
where we see it going . That's one of

56:28.250 --> 56:29.694
the things on our plate .

56:32.449 --> 56:36.439
and Mr . With our allies and

56:36.439 --> 56:38.383
partners , uh , I know General Gay

56:38.383 --> 56:40.550
mentioned it earlier , the things that

56:40.550 --> 56:42.550
we're doing institutionally working

56:42.550 --> 56:44.606
amongst our schoolhouses , the , the

56:44.606 --> 56:46.661
partnership that we have with the UK

56:46.661 --> 56:48.495
Army and there's , uh , UK Space

56:48.495 --> 56:50.383
Academy , uh , this , this coming

56:50.383 --> 56:52.383
winter , uh , we're gonna begin the

56:52.383 --> 56:55.030
process , uh , recently . For an

56:55.030 --> 56:57.260
exchange program between our deputy

56:57.260 --> 57:00.320
commandant of the Space and Missile

57:00.320 --> 57:02.376
Defense schoolhouse for the Army and

57:02.376 --> 57:05.389
the UK space instructor , possibly and

57:05.389 --> 57:07.500
their deputy commandant as well . And

57:07.500 --> 57:09.500
so I think in the schoolhouse we've

57:09.500 --> 57:11.919
been finding those ways uh to drop the

57:12.189 --> 57:14.909
classification barriers and begin to

57:14.909 --> 57:17.709
train and educate together . I know ,

57:17.790 --> 57:19.623
uh , New Zealand and Australia .

57:21.620 --> 57:23.842
asking the same questions on us as well

57:23.842 --> 57:25.898
and so we're just working targets by

57:25.898 --> 57:28.280
phase operationally we have partnered

57:28.280 --> 57:30.336
already with the first Space Brigade

57:30.336 --> 57:32.447
routinely doing touch points with the

57:32.530 --> 57:35.379
uh the UK Space control electronic

57:35.379 --> 57:37.800
warfare company within within the

57:37.800 --> 57:40.669
British Army . We utilize their , you

57:40.669 --> 57:42.669
know , what they see and sense with

57:42.669 --> 57:44.725
their access and placement . We , we

57:44.725 --> 57:46.558
assist with target development ,

57:46.558 --> 57:48.725
targeting weaponeering . We , we share

57:48.725 --> 57:50.909
lessons learned and observations or

57:50.909 --> 57:52.909
exercises and experiments , and I

57:52.909 --> 57:54.965
really do also see that growing just

57:54.965 --> 57:57.020
from the UK but into Australia , New

57:57.020 --> 57:59.300
Zealand , Canada , France , and Germany

57:59.300 --> 58:01.600
into the future as well . One of my

58:01.600 --> 58:03.822
final thoughts , sir , is you know that

58:03.822 --> 58:05.933
space is the connective tissue of all

58:05.933 --> 58:07.878
war fighting functions command and

58:07.878 --> 58:09.544
control , movement maneuver ,

58:09.544 --> 58:11.544
intelligence , fires , protection ,

58:11.544 --> 58:13.600
sustainment information . It is that

58:13.600 --> 58:15.544
connective tissue that provides us

58:15.544 --> 58:17.959
withality in our combat power which

58:17.959 --> 58:20.181
then increases deterrent effect against

58:20.181 --> 58:22.199
our adversaries . Space is that

58:22.199 --> 58:24.550
critical connective tissue . What we do

58:24.550 --> 58:26.870
today , what we do into the future , is

58:26.870 --> 58:28.426
critically dependent on the

58:28.426 --> 58:30.370
partnerships that we have with the

58:30.370 --> 58:32.426
joint intergovernmental . That inter

58:32.426 --> 58:34.426
agency and multinational , but most

58:34.426 --> 58:34.399
importantly and why we're here , our

58:34.399 --> 58:36.121
commercial partners . It's our

58:36.121 --> 58:38.288
commercial partners that will allow us

58:38.288 --> 58:40.560
to go faster , lighter and leaner to

58:40.560 --> 58:42.800
produce more effective , more efficient

58:42.800 --> 58:45.189
capabilities at the speed of relevancy ,

58:45.520 --> 58:47.576
getting back to changing the culture

58:47.576 --> 58:49.242
and being building faster and

58:49.242 --> 58:51.242
delivering capabilities faster . So

58:51.242 --> 58:53.409
thank you and I look forward to future

58:53.409 --> 58:55.631
discussions in the next few days . OK ,

58:55.631 --> 58:59.610
thanks , Sanders . So we talk about uh

58:59.610 --> 59:01.832
the power uh allies and partners , it's

59:01.832 --> 59:05.570
imperative that we include uh them

59:05.570 --> 59:09.489
in what we do all aspects . Uh , of war

59:09.489 --> 59:11.656
fighting they're an integral part just

59:11.656 --> 59:13.800
like the , the joint forces as well ,

59:13.810 --> 59:16.469
so . Uh , there's a current exercise

59:16.469 --> 59:18.525
that we're doing , uh , called large

59:18.525 --> 59:21.699
scale exercise , and I would say it's a

59:21.699 --> 59:24.949
service level led , uh , exercise , so

59:24.949 --> 59:27.709
not really joint or allies and partners .

59:28.310 --> 59:31.669
Uh , involvement , but day two of that

59:31.669 --> 59:34.020
exercise , the 3 or 4 stars quickly

59:34.020 --> 59:37.669
realized that in their uh different

59:37.669 --> 59:40.030
theaters , the allies and partners had

59:40.030 --> 59:42.086
various capabilities that could have

59:42.086 --> 59:44.389
been integrated into the exercise and

59:44.389 --> 59:46.659
so the , the conversation is how do we

59:46.659 --> 59:50.149
expand . Uh , for the follow on large

59:50.149 --> 59:53.330
scale exercises if we want to , uh , uh ,

59:53.350 --> 59:55.294
you know , including some of those

59:55.294 --> 59:57.517
capabilities . So again , integral part

59:57.517 --> 59:59.628
we're constantly learning , but there

59:59.628 --> 01:00:01.850
is that , uh , I heard one of the panel

01:00:01.850 --> 01:00:03.572
members mention the , uh , the

01:00:03.572 --> 01:00:05.850
classification issue that we , we face ,

01:00:05.949 --> 01:00:08.219
especially in in Navy space , uh ,

01:00:08.229 --> 01:00:12.229
being able to uh to share uh some

01:00:12.229 --> 01:00:16.110
of that information so . Needing

01:00:16.110 --> 01:00:17.666
to get over that or talk in

01:00:17.666 --> 01:00:19.610
generalities because again they do

01:00:19.610 --> 01:00:21.721
offer some some great capabilities as

01:00:21.721 --> 01:00:23.888
well that we are not read into as well

01:00:23.888 --> 01:00:26.000
so that two way communication and in

01:00:26.000 --> 01:00:28.639
closing the the part that you know the

01:00:28.639 --> 01:00:30.806
one little quick bumper sticker that I

01:00:30.806 --> 01:00:33.080
will talk about , especially for for my

01:00:33.080 --> 01:00:36.550
boss who who does wear 5 hats . Uh , is ,

01:00:36.659 --> 01:00:39.219
is , uh , space enabled cyber cyber

01:00:39.219 --> 01:00:41.389
enabled space , so just remember that

01:00:41.389 --> 01:00:43.445
they , they are very much linked and

01:00:43.445 --> 01:00:45.556
that was part of one of the questions

01:00:45.556 --> 01:00:47.611
that was asked earlier . They , they

01:00:47.611 --> 01:00:49.778
are linked at the hip . Thanks . Thank

01:00:49.778 --> 01:00:51.945
you , General Zalman . Yeah , in terms

01:00:51.945 --> 01:00:54.111
of working with the allies , just last

01:00:54.111 --> 01:00:56.333
week a Canadian general officer took my

01:00:56.333 --> 01:01:00.260
job . In my house and my

01:01:00.260 --> 01:01:04.250
home . That's a good news story

01:01:04.250 --> 01:01:06.889
actually , right , um , because we have

01:01:06.889 --> 01:01:09.167
a number , probably a dozen or so , uh ,

01:01:09.167 --> 01:01:11.445
allies that work with us at Vandenberg ,

01:01:11.445 --> 01:01:13.611
and you know , over the past year I've

01:01:13.611 --> 01:01:15.778
seen us had to kick those folks out of

01:01:15.778 --> 01:01:18.000
rooms at various times and that doesn't

01:01:18.000 --> 01:01:20.333
hurt , right when you kick a , you know ,

01:01:20.333 --> 01:01:22.500
a major or a lieutenant colonel out of

01:01:22.500 --> 01:01:22.310
the room . You're not going to kick the

01:01:22.310 --> 01:01:24.421
deputy commander out of them , and so

01:01:24.421 --> 01:01:26.532
it's forced us to change about how we

01:01:26.532 --> 01:01:28.532
do our operations and over the past

01:01:28.532 --> 01:01:30.588
week we've been trying to anticipate

01:01:30.588 --> 01:01:32.699
that things like getting him enhanced

01:01:32.699 --> 01:01:34.866
access so we can share things that are

01:01:34.866 --> 01:01:34.620
marked in no form with him from

01:01:34.620 --> 01:01:36.860
intelligence basis , um , getting him

01:01:36.860 --> 01:01:38.971
read to the same programs that we are

01:01:38.971 --> 01:01:41.027
ready to . Those are all things that

01:01:41.027 --> 01:01:43.193
we're working with the J5 team here to

01:01:43.193 --> 01:01:45.416
make sure that he can function the same

01:01:45.416 --> 01:01:45.330
way that I have functioned for the last

01:01:45.330 --> 01:01:48.290
year . Along the way we've also had

01:01:48.290 --> 01:01:50.457
some opportunities to bring the French

01:01:50.457 --> 01:01:52.457
and the Germans on in the past year

01:01:52.457 --> 01:01:52.360
when Olympic defender added those two

01:01:52.360 --> 01:01:54.770
nations . It's easy once again to work

01:01:54.770 --> 01:01:56.770
at a 5 level most of the time , but

01:01:56.770 --> 01:01:58.826
when you add France and Germany , it

01:01:58.826 --> 01:02:00.881
becomes a little bit harder . And so

01:02:00.881 --> 01:02:00.520
we've had to be a little innovative

01:02:00.520 --> 01:02:02.742
with how we run our battles of events .

01:02:02.742 --> 01:02:04.909
There are times when we start off with

01:02:04.909 --> 01:02:07.187
a daisy chain of communication devices ,

01:02:07.187 --> 01:02:09.187
you know , sitting in the same room

01:02:09.187 --> 01:02:08.969
with the microphone on so that folks on

01:02:08.969 --> 01:02:11.590
the TSJ wicks can see and hear them .

01:02:12.239 --> 01:02:14.461
Uh , and then of course then we have to

01:02:14.461 --> 01:02:16.739
drop them at a certain point and go to ,

01:02:16.739 --> 01:02:16.699
you know , fly by and eventually to no

01:02:16.699 --> 01:02:19.032
form so we have to change our processes ,

01:02:19.032 --> 01:02:21.199
but we have . And then along the way ,

01:02:21.199 --> 01:02:23.199
uh , we've created the uh the space

01:02:23.199 --> 01:02:25.255
domain awareness con ops for Olympic

01:02:25.255 --> 01:02:27.310
Defender over the past year , uh , a

01:02:27.310 --> 01:02:29.366
very good , uh good event and shared

01:02:29.366 --> 01:02:31.255
first with , uh , the 5 Eyes plus

01:02:31.255 --> 01:02:31.100
France and Germany , and then , and

01:02:31.100 --> 01:02:32.933
more recently with , with even a

01:02:32.933 --> 01:02:35.060
broader CSO audience and then going

01:02:35.060 --> 01:02:37.282
forward . We're gonna look at that same

01:02:37.282 --> 01:02:39.449
type of thing from um from essentially

01:02:39.449 --> 01:02:41.671
the orbital uh defensive orbital assets

01:02:41.671 --> 01:02:43.838
perspective as well as missile warning

01:02:43.838 --> 01:02:46.171
and and precision navigation and timing .

01:02:46.171 --> 01:02:45.764
So those things are all going to work

01:02:45.764 --> 01:02:47.824
so we get ops in place to be more

01:02:47.824 --> 01:02:50.104
interoperable to prepare us for future

01:02:50.104 --> 01:02:52.560
Allied operations . Uh , shifting to

01:02:52.560 --> 01:02:55.030
closing remarks , I , I think in terms

01:02:55.030 --> 01:02:57.030
of we ask what's the most technical

01:02:57.030 --> 01:02:59.252
challenge we have , there's , I think ,

01:02:59.252 --> 01:03:01.419
a more mental challenge that we have .

01:03:01.419 --> 01:03:03.474
Uh , the , the Space command area of

01:03:03.474 --> 01:03:05.586
operations starts at 100 kilometers .

01:03:05.586 --> 01:03:07.252
For those that are metrically

01:03:07.252 --> 01:03:09.363
challenged , it's 62 miles . Uh , for

01:03:09.363 --> 01:03:11.252
most people that work in DC , you

01:03:11.252 --> 01:03:13.474
commute longer than that each day . But

01:03:13.474 --> 01:03:15.419
for some reason , the services , I

01:03:15.419 --> 01:03:14.800
think , I think that's so far out of

01:03:14.800 --> 01:03:16.800
reach , it's so far away , space is

01:03:16.800 --> 01:03:19.022
hard to get to . It's really not . Uh ,

01:03:19.022 --> 01:03:21.022
if , for example , if the army , my

01:03:21.022 --> 01:03:23.133
service is looking at trying to shoot

01:03:23.133 --> 01:03:25.189
weapons 1000 kilometers , that would

01:03:25.189 --> 01:03:27.411
reach every ISR bird the Chinese have .

01:03:27.411 --> 01:03:29.411
Um , and so there are opportunities

01:03:29.411 --> 01:03:31.578
that each service can bring . Uh , the

01:03:31.578 --> 01:03:33.578
Army brings mass from its locations

01:03:33.578 --> 01:03:35.911
around the globe . The Navy brings , uh ,

01:03:35.911 --> 01:03:37.856
a good amount of , uh , ability to

01:03:37.856 --> 01:03:40.022
respond from international waters . We

01:03:40.022 --> 01:03:42.356
don't have to ask who's nation approved .

01:03:42.356 --> 01:03:44.411
The Air Force brings speed . And the

01:03:44.411 --> 01:03:46.522
Marines have already figured it out ,

01:03:46.522 --> 01:03:46.510
right ? I mean , talk about interfaces

01:03:46.510 --> 01:03:48.621
and domains . They're already working

01:03:48.621 --> 01:03:50.843
on the littoral regions . They have mag

01:03:50.843 --> 01:03:52.843
tasks with air forces . Uh , adding

01:03:52.843 --> 01:03:55.121
space is not going to be hard for them .

01:03:55.121 --> 01:03:57.177
Uh , and so I think all the services

01:03:57.177 --> 01:03:56.500
can probably do a better job of

01:03:56.500 --> 01:03:58.722
figuring out how they can help Space Co

01:03:58.722 --> 01:04:02.659
gain space . Thanks . And in the realm

01:04:02.659 --> 01:04:04.715
of the more things change , the more

01:04:04.715 --> 01:04:06.826
they stay the same in 2004 when I was

01:04:06.826 --> 01:04:09.048
the Joint fires and defects coordinator

01:04:09.048 --> 01:04:11.159
at MNCI , we have a deputy commanding

01:04:11.159 --> 01:04:13.159
general from Canada and from UK and

01:04:13.159 --> 01:04:14.881
wrestled with many of the same

01:04:14.881 --> 01:04:16.992
practical issues you're talking about

01:04:16.992 --> 01:04:19.340
in 2025 . Uh , General Gibson , bring

01:04:19.340 --> 01:04:21.507
us home , please . Thanks , sir . What

01:04:21.507 --> 01:04:23.673
I just heard you say it was your fault

01:04:23.673 --> 01:04:27.300
and you didn't solve it . Um , but ,

01:04:27.429 --> 01:04:29.780
but seriously , uh , we will continue

01:04:29.780 --> 01:04:32.340
to march under one's direction to get

01:04:32.340 --> 01:04:34.396
Operation Olympic Defender to a full

01:04:34.396 --> 01:04:36.810
operational status as we move forward .

01:04:37.149 --> 01:04:39.316
You've heard it from all the different

01:04:39.316 --> 01:04:41.260
components here . It is a named

01:04:41.260 --> 01:04:43.482
operation . It is focused on collective

01:04:43.482 --> 01:04:46.340
action and activity . It spans from

01:04:46.340 --> 01:04:49.250
crisis to conflict to campaigning . Um ,

01:04:50.149 --> 01:04:52.316
and we're on our approach . We've been

01:04:52.316 --> 01:04:54.482
given the direction and we'll continue

01:04:54.482 --> 01:04:57.149
to stay dogged about achieving it . For

01:04:57.149 --> 01:04:59.371
some closing comments , General Whiting

01:04:59.371 --> 01:05:01.538
says it , but he'll say it much better

01:05:01.538 --> 01:05:03.760
than what I'm getting ready to say . He

01:05:03.760 --> 01:05:05.982
says it sometimes , you know , the Navy

01:05:05.982 --> 01:05:08.260
has , when you say goodbye to somebody ,

01:05:08.260 --> 01:05:10.371
fair winds and following seas and Air

01:05:10.371 --> 01:05:12.593
Force , I'm not sure what you say other

01:05:12.593 --> 01:05:14.649
than aim high , uh , or I'll put the

01:05:14.649 --> 01:05:16.760
wild blue yonder . Army just says who

01:05:16.760 --> 01:05:18.927
and the Marines , you can't understand

01:05:18.927 --> 01:05:20.871
them . Uh , but from a space force

01:05:20.871 --> 01:05:22.982
perspective , what I have learned , I

01:05:22.982 --> 01:05:22.250
learned many things from General

01:05:22.250 --> 01:05:24.472
Whiting , of course , as we all , as we

01:05:24.472 --> 01:05:26.583
all have , but he says something sort

01:05:26.583 --> 01:05:29.370
of like this . Um , launch on time .

01:05:30.439 --> 01:05:33.800
Achieve the proper orbit . Don't forget

01:05:33.800 --> 01:05:37.429
about Kepler . And help us keep space

01:05:37.429 --> 01:05:39.207
as the ultimate high ground and

01:05:39.207 --> 01:05:41.540
wherever you find yourself as you serve .

01:05:41.629 --> 01:05:44.100
So , sir , thanks for having a Space Co

01:05:44.100 --> 01:05:46.610
panel . I think it was a great addition

01:05:46.949 --> 01:05:49.060
and um really appreciate you um leave

01:05:49.060 --> 01:05:51.520
us . Thanks . What a great closing . I

01:05:51.520 --> 01:05:53.520
know we're a little bit over , so I

01:05:53.520 --> 01:05:55.687
apologize . We want to get to lunch on

01:05:55.687 --> 01:05:57.909
time . I do want to thank our panelists

01:05:57.909 --> 01:06:00.020
for their thoughtfulness in preparing

01:06:00.020 --> 01:05:59.350
for this and the answers to their

01:05:59.350 --> 01:06:01.350
questions , and to your questions .

01:06:01.350 --> 01:06:03.572
Thank you for your thoughtful questions

01:06:03.572 --> 01:06:05.794
and thanks for being here and attending

01:06:05.794 --> 01:06:07.794
the symposium . Colonel Whiting was

01:06:07.794 --> 01:06:09.906
really great that you could be here ,

01:06:09.906 --> 01:06:12.017
so thank you for that . But that will

01:06:12.017 --> 01:06:11.669
close this panel . Thank you .

01:06:16.500 --> 01:06:18.611
In your honor , we're going to give a

01:06:18.611 --> 01:06:20.778
donation to Still Serving Veterans , a

01:06:20.778 --> 01:06:22.833
local organization , uh , instead of

01:06:22.833 --> 01:06:24.889
sending you home with a coffee table

01:06:24.889 --> 01:06:27.000
book , which I'm sure you have plenty

01:06:27.000 --> 01:06:29.222
of . So , uh , thank you guys for being

01:06:29.222 --> 01:06:31.389
here . We'll convene in the South hall

01:06:31.389 --> 01:06:33.500
for lunch at 11:45 or whenever you're

01:06:33.500 --> 01:06:35.556
able to get there and seated . Thank

01:06:35.556 --> 01:06:35.580
you .